Lecture Notes Feb. 16

Question 1

Arteries

Answer 1

Carry blood away from ventricles of heart

Question 2

Arterioles

Answer 2

Receive blood from arteries
Carry blood to capillaries

Question 3

Capillaries

Answer 3

Sites of exchange of substances between blood and body cells

Question 4

Venules

Answer 4

Receive blood from capillaries

Question 5

Veins

Answer 5

Carry blood toward ventricle of heart

Question 6

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 6

Right side of heart, arteries take deoxygenated blood

Question 7

Systemic circulation

Answer 7

Left side of the heart, arteries take oxygenated blood.

Question 8

Heart supplies pressure

Answer 8

Blood pressure is highest closest to heart pressure drops:
Greater area which blood is distributed
To friction:
Increases with smaller (arteries vs capillaries example)

Question 9

precappilary sphincters

Answer 9

Cut off blood flow or open for blood flow
By temperature
When cold precapillary sphincters close down blood because it cares about major organs over your toes

Question 10

Artery

Answer 10

Have to have thick, strong walls because under most pressure
Composed of three layers
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa
Thick strong wall
Endothelial lining
Middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue
NOT limited to blood vessel
Outer layer of connective tissue
Vasomotion gets wider
Carries blood under relatively high pressure
Smooth muscle of tunica media is what supplies the vasomotion to vessels
Tunica externa - outer layer of connective tissue, other capillaries can be present, called vaso vasorum
Supplies tunica media
Vaso vasorum - feed the smooth muscle of tunica media

Question 11

Arterioles

Answer 11

Thinner wall than artery
Endothelial lining
Some smooth muscle tissue
Small amount of connective tissue
Helps control blood flow into a capillary
Tunica intima
Tunica media (drastically reduced in size)
Much less pressure
Precapillary sphincters
DON’T cut blood flow off entirely
CONTROLS blood flow to arteries

Question 12

Failure of venous valves cause

Answer 12

varicose veins

Question 13

internal path of blood flow

Answer 13

Anastomosis

Question 14

Skeletal muscle pump is pushing blood ____

Answer 14

upward

Question 15

essentially an endothelium tube

Answer 15

Capillaries

Question 16

Three types of capillaries

Answer 16

Continuous
Fenestrated
Sinusoidal - knitting needle (large holes)

Question 17

capillaries

Answer 17

Allow small stuff to pass, nothing large
Allow proteins to pass through
Albumin, most important protein
LIVER makes a lot
Smallest diameter blood vessels
Extensions of inner lining of arterioles
Walls are endothelium only
Semipermeable

Question 18

Send signal to brain, adjustment will be made

Answer 18

baroreceptors

Question 19

baroreceptors, sense pressure, can effect heart rate and vessel diameter

Answer 19

Carotid sinus

Question 20

chemoreceptors, O2 and CO2

Answer 20

Carotid bodies

Question 21

same as carotid body, but found in aorta

Answer 21

Aortic bodies

Question 22

Atrial sense organs

Answer 22

carotid sinus, carotid bodies, aortic bodies

Question 23

Venule

Answer 23

Thinner wall than arteriole
Less smooth muscle and elastic tissue than arteriole

Question 24

Blood volume in vessels

Answer 24

60-70 % = systemic veins
10-12 % = lungs
8-11 % = heart
10-12 % = systemic arteries
5-8 % = capillaries

Question 25

Large player in returning blood to heart

Answer 25

skeletal muscle pump

Question 26

mesh like wire added to point of block to keep lumen open

Answer 26

stent

Question 27

take artery or vein, remove section from arm/leg then attach it to base of aorta and supply blood diastole to point of blockage

Answer 27

Coronary artery bypass graph (CABGs)

Question 28

Blood pressure

Answer 28

The force that the blood exerts on the wall venae system = heavily relied on skeletal muscle pump