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Clinical Bacteriology (Midterm) > (Lecture) Neisseriaceae > Flashcards

(Lecture) Neisseriaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Currently the genus Neisseria contains _____ and about _____ and biovars can be isolated from humans

A

25 species
12 species

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2
Q

Most Neisseria spp. are aerobic, nonmotile, non–spore-forming, gram-negative diplococci except _____, _____, and _____

A

Neisseria elongata
Neisseria weaveri
Neisseria bacilliformis

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3
Q

Neisseria species are oxidase positive or oxidase positive?

A

Oxidase positive

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4
Q

Most Neisseria species are catalase negative or catalase positive?

A

Catalase positive

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5
Q

Neisseria species are catalase positive except for _____ and _____ which are catalase negative

A

N. elongata
N. bacilliformis

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6
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is often called _____

A

Gonococci

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7
Q

Neisseria meningitidis is often called _____

A

Meningococci

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8
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis require _____ for growth

A

Iron

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9
Q

Agent for gonorrhea

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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10
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is also known as _____ from the French word clapoir meaning _____

A

Clap
Brothel

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11
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae Also known as “clap” from the French word _____ meaning “brothel”

A

Clapoir

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12
Q

An acute pyogenic infection of non-ciliated columnar and transitional epithelium and infection can be established at any site where the cells are found.

A

Gonorrhoeae

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13
Q

A sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can infect both men and women

A

Gonorrhea

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14
Q

Primary reservoir of Neisseria gonorrhoea:

A

Asymptomatic carrier

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15
Q

Incubation period of Neisseria gonorrhoeae:

A

2 to 7 days

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15
Q

Painful urination is also called _____

A

Dysuria

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16
Q

Most common clinical presentation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in men is _____

A

Acute urethritis

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17
Q

Acute urethritis in men caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is characterized by _____ and _____

A

Purulent discharge
Dysuria

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18
Q

Most common site of infection in women for Neisseria gonorrhoeae is _____

A

Endocervix

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19
Q

Perihepatitis is also called _____

A

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome

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20
Q

Blood-borne dissemination of Neisseria gonorrhoeae occurs in less than 1% of all infections, resulting in _____ and rarely _____

A

Purulent arthritis
Septicemia

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21
Q

Fever and rash on the extremities can also be present in blood-borne dissemination, because neisseria gonorrhoeae is inhibited by _____

A

Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate or SPS

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22
Q

The anticoagulant for blood culture media

A

Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate or SPS

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23
Q

A non-venereal infection is _____ in the newborn

A

Ophthalmia neonatorum

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24
Q

Specimen of choice in the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for genital infections in men and women:

A

Men: Urethra
Women: Endocervix

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25
Q

In men, purulent discharge can be collected directly onto a swab for culture. When no apparent discharge is present, the swab is inserted up to _____ into the anterior urethra and slowly rotated to collect the material.

A

2cm

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26
Q

Swabs for rectal culture should be inserted _____ into the anal canal.

27
Q

_____ and _____ are inhibitory to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, so ____ or _____ are preferred.

A

Calcium alginate
Cotton swabs
Dacron swabs
Rayon swabs

28
Q

Transport media for Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Amies medium with charcoal

29
Q

Neisseria does not grow on what medium?

30
Q

Medium of choice for Neisseria:

31
Q

Selective medium for Neisseria:

A
  1. Thayer-Martin
  2. Modified Thayer-Martin
  3. Martin-Lewis
  4. New York City
  5. GC-LECT
32
Q

An inhibitory agent of Neisseria specie that inhibits gram-positive bacteria:

A

Vancomycin and Colistin

33
Q

An inhibitory agent of Neisseria specie that inhibits Proteus spp.:

A

Trimethoprim

34
Q

Incubation for Neisseria species:

A

Inoculated plates should be incubated at 35°C in a 3% to 5% CO2 atmosphere

35
Q

Incubation is accomplished by use of a:

A

CO2 incubator
CO2 generating pouch
Candle extinction jar (white wax candles only)

36
Q

Colony morphology of Neisseria spp on CAP:

A

Small, gray to tan, translucent, and raised after 24-48 hours of incubation

37
Q

Traditional method for the identification of Neisseria spp.

A

Carbohydrate Utilization

38
Q

Medium used for Carbohydrate Utilization in Neisseria gonorrhoeae:

A

Cystine Trypticase Agar containing 1% the individual carbohydrate and phenol red

39
Q

An antibiotic that is recommended for the treatment Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Cephalosporin

40
Q

Identify the disease based on the characteristics given:

● Purpura (hemorrhaging of blood into the skin and mucous membranes producing bruises) with petechial skin rash (pinpoint red spot caused by hemorrhage)
● Tachycardia
● Hypotension
● Thrombosis

A

Meningococcemia

41
Q

Identify the disease based on the characteristics given:

● Frontal headache
● Stiff neck (nuchal rigidity)
● Confusion
● Photophobia
● 10-20% - neurologic complications or seizures

A

Meningitis

42
Q

It is the hemorrhaging of blood into the skin and mucous membranes producing bruises

43
Q

Nuchal rigidity is also known as _____

A

Stiff neck

44
Q

Hemorrhage in the adrenal glands is also known as _____

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome

45
Q

Most Neisseria spp. are Gamma-glutamyl aminopeptidase positive except _____, _____, and _____

A

N. gonorrhoeae
N. lactamica
M. catarrhalis

46
Q

Drug of choice for Meningitis

A

Penicillin

47
Q

Drug of choice for Meningococcemia

A

Third generation cephalosporins

48
Q

Drug of choice for close contact with patient positive for meningococcal disease

A

Chemoprophylaxis with rifampin or ciprofloxacin

49
Q

Drug of choice for patients that are resistant to ciprofloxacin

A

Azithromycin

50
Q

Most strains of moraxella catarrhalis can tolerate lower temperatures and grow well at _____

A

28 degree Celsius

51
Q

Colony morphology of Moraxella on SBA and CAP:

A

Smooth, opaque, gray-to-white colonies “hockey puck” - colony remains intact when pushed across the plate with a loop

52
Q

Older colonies of Moraxella may give a _____ appearance

A

“Wagon-wheel” appearance

53
Q

Oxidase test result of Moraxella species:

A

Oxidase positive

54
Q

Catalase test result of Moraxella species:

A

Catalase positive

55
Q

DNAse test result of Moraxella species:

A

DNAse positive

56
Q

Moraxella species are butyrate esterase (positive or negative).

A

Butyrate esterase positive

57
Q

Identify Neisseria specie based on the given characteristics:

  • Misidentified as N. gonorrhoeae
  • Non-glucose fermenter
  • Grows on SBA
  • Susceptible to colistin
A

N. cinerea

58
Q

Identify Neisseria specie based on the given characteristics:

  • Yellow-pigmented Neisseria species that is asaccharolytic
A

N. flavescens

59
Q

Identify Neisseria specie based on the given characteristics:

  • Large, very mucoid colonies (often adhere to the agar)
60
Q

Identify Neisseria specie based on the given characteristics:

  • Glucose, maltose and lactose fermenter
  • Misidentified as N. meningitidis (glucose and maltose fermenter only)
A

N. lactamica

61
Q

Identify Neisseria specie based on the given characteristics:

  • Produces large amounts of extracellular polysaccharide when grown in media containing 1% or 5% sucrose
A

N. polysaccharea

62
Q

Identify Neisseria specie based on the given characteristics:

  • Dry, wrinkled, adherent, and breadcrumb-like colonies
63
Q

“Sicca” in Latin means _____

64
Q

Identify Neisseria specie based on the given characteristics:

  • “Less yellow”
A

N. subflava

65
Q

Identify Neisseria specie based on the given characteristics:

  • Rod-shaped
A

N. elongata
N. weaveri
N. bacilliformis

Clinical Bacteriology (Midterm) (11 decks)

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