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Clinical Bacteriology (Midterm) > (Laboratory) Culture Media Preparation > Flashcards

(Laboratory) Culture Media Preparation Flashcards

1
Q

It is the media containing the required nutrients for bacterial growth.

A

Culture Media

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2
Q

Serves as a soil where microbes can be planted and grown.

A

Culture Media

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3
Q

Uses of Culture Media:

A
  1. Isolation and identification of microorganisms
  2. Performing anti-microbial sensitivity tests
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4
Q

List down the Common Ingredients of Culture Media:

A

Peptone
Meat Extract
Yeast Extract
Mineral Salts
Carbohydrates
Agar
Water

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5
Q

Extract which contains hydrolyzed plant and animal protein that serves as source of amino acid, peptides, and proteins for the bacteria.

A

Peptone

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6
Q

A Common Ingredient of Culture Media that provides vitamins and mineral salts necessary for growth.

A

Meat Extract

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7
Q

A Common Ingredient of Culture Media that serves as a growth stimulants.

A

Yeast Extract

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8
Q

A Common Ingredient of Culture Media that provides inorganic compounds such as phosphates and sulfur necessary for bacterial metabolism.

A

Mineral Salts

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9
Q

A Common Ingredient of Culture Media that serves as a source of energy necessary for the anabolic processes of the cell.

A

Cabohydrates

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10
Q

_____ in TCBS Agar differentiates Vibrio spp.

A

Sucrose

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11
Q

Sucrose in TCBS Agar differentiates _____

A

Vibrio spp.

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12
Q

Sucrose in _____ differentiates Vibrio spp.

A

TCBS Agar

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13
Q

_____ in MacConkey Agar differentiates Enterobacteria.

A

Lactose

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14
Q

Lactose in _____ differentiates Enterobacteria.

A

MacConkey Agar

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15
Q

Lactose in MacConkey Agar differentiates _____.

A

Enterobacteria

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16
Q

A polymer that acts as the solidifying agent in culture media.

A

Agar

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17
Q

An inert polysaccharide of seaweed.

A

Agar

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18
Q

Property of Agar:

A
  1. It has high gelling strength
  2. High melting temperature (90-95 degree Celsius)
  3. Low gelling temperature
  4. It forms firm gel at 1.5% W/V concentration
  5. It forms semisolid gel at 0.4-0.5% W/V concentration
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19
Q

Uses of Agar:

A
  1. Solidify culture media
  2. May provide calcium and organic ions to inoculated bacteria
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20
Q

Preferred type of Water in Culture Media Preparation:

A

Deionized or Distilled Water

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21
Q

Types of Culture Media based on Consistency:

A
  1. Liquid (Broth)
  2. Solid (Agar)
  3. Semisolid
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22
Q

Types of Culture Media based on Nutritional Factors:

A
  1. Simple (Basal)
  2. Complex
  3. Synthetic or Defined
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23
Q

List down the Special Media:

A
  1. Enriched
  2. Enrichment
  3. Selective
  4. Indicator or differential
  5. Transport
  6. Sugar media
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24
Q

Selection of Culture Media will depend on:

A
  1. The major pathogens to be isolated, their growth requirements and the features by which they are recognized.
  2. Whether the specimens being cultured are from sterile sites or from sites having normal microbial flora.
  3. The cost, availability and stability of media.
  4. The training and experience of laboratory staff in preparing, using and controlling culture media.
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25
Q

A media that contains no solidifying agent or agar.

A

Liquid (Broth) Media

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26
Q

Growth in broth is signified by _____ or _____

A

Turbidity
Cloudiness

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27
Q

Uses of Liquid (Broth) Media:

A
  1. As an enrichment media
  2. As biochemical testing media
  3. As blood culture media
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28
Q

This Type of Media is by adding a solidifying agent to the nutrients and water.

A

Solid (Agar) Media

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29
Q

Percentage of Agar needed on Solid Media:

A

2% to 3%

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30
Q

The most common solidifying agent is _____

A

Agarose

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31
Q

Growth in Solid (Agar) Media is indicated by the _____

A

Presence of Bacterial Colonies

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32
Q

Semisolid Culture Media contains how many percent of Agar?

A

0.5% to 1%

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33
Q

Uses of Semisolid Culture Media:

A
  1. As an enrichment media
  2. As motility media
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34
Q

A Type of Media that contain only basic nutrients required for the growth of ordinary organisms, and used as a general purpose media.

A

Basic/Simple/All Purpose Media

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35
Q

Uses of Basic/Simple/All Purpose Media:

A
  1. To prepare enriched media
  2. To maintain stock cultures of control bacterial strains
  3. To subcuture pathogenic bacteria from selective/differential medium prior to performing biochemical or serological tests
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36
Q

A Type of Culture Media that contain some ingredients of unknown chemical composition.

A

Complex Media

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37
Q

One common ingredient of Complex Media is _____

A

Peptone

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38
Q

Types of Nutrient Broth:

A
  1. Meat infusion broth
  2. Meat extract broth
  3. Digest broth
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39
Q

Nutrient Agar is prepared by adding agar at a concentration of 2% to the _____.

A

Nutrient Broth

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40
Q

Nutrient Agar is prepared by adding agar at a concentration of _____ to the nutrient broth.

A

2%

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41
Q

A Type of Culture Media wherein it is prepared exclusively from pure chemical substances and their exact composition is known.

A

Synthetic or Chemically Defined Media

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42
Q

A Type of Culture Media wherein it is prepared to meet the nutritional requirements of more bacteria by the addition of substances such as blood, serum or egg to a basal medium.

A

Enriched Media

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43
Q

Identify what type of Enriched Media based on the following characteristics given:

  • Many bacteria are fastidious, requiring a medium that is even richer than nutrient agar commonly used in clinical laboratories.
  • Used for isolation of Streptococci,
    Pneumococci, Haemophilus
A

Blood Agar

44
Q

Blood Agar is used for isolation of what group/s of species?

A

Streptococci
Pneumococci
Haemophilus

45
Q

Identify what type of Enriched Media based on the following characteristics given:

  • Used to culture even more fastidious bacteria.
  • It is used for isolation of Neisseria (Meningococci and Gonococci) and Haemophilus.
A

Chocolate Agar

46
Q

Chocolate Agar is used for isolation of what group/s of species?

A

Neisseria (Meningococci and Gonococci)
Haemophilus

47
Q

Identify what type of Enriched Media based on the following characteristics given:

  • Serum is added for enriching the medium.
  • Used for the isolation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
A

Loeffler’s Serum

48
Q

Loeffler’s Serum is used for isolation of what group/s of species?

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

49
Q

A liquid media that is used to propagate the growth of certain groups of bacteria from a mixture of microorganism.

A

Enrichment Media

50
Q

A Special Media in which the substance added to a liquid medium which inhibits the growth of unwanted bacteria and favors the growth of wanted bacteria. It is usually liquid and provides nutrients and environmental conditions that favor the growth of a particular microbe but not others.

A

Enrichment Media

51
Q

An Enrichment Media that inhibits coliforms while allowing typhoid-paratyphoid bacilli to grow freely in fecal sample.

A

Tetrathionate Broth

52
Q

An Enrichment Media that is used to isolate Salmonella spp. and Proteus spp. from stool samples.

A

Tetrathionate Broth

53
Q

An Enrichment Media that is used for dysentery bacilli.

A

Selenite F (F for Feces) Broth

54
Q

An Enrichment Media that is used for the isolation of Salmonella spp. from samples.

A

Selenite F (F for Feces) Broth

55
Q

An Enrichment Media that is used for Vibrio cholerae from feces.

A

Alkaline Peptone Water

56
Q

An Enrichment Media that is used to promote Vibrio spp.

A

Alkaline Peptone Water

57
Q

Preferred pH Level of Alkaline Peptone Water:

58
Q

A Special Media in which the substance is added to a solid medium which inhibits the growth of unwanted bacteria but favors the growth of wanted bacteria. It is used to isolate particular bacteria from specimens where mixed bacterial flora is expected.

A

Selective Media

59
Q

A Special Media that inhibits the growth of unwanted organisms while promoting the growth of the desired organism. This is achieved by the addition of inhibitors such as antibiotics, dyes, or chemicals.

A

Selective Media

60
Q

A Selective Media that acts as a selective agent for dysentery bacilli (isolation of Shigellae).

A

Desoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA)

61
Q

A Selective Media that isolated Salmonella and Shigella from stools.

A

Desoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA)

62
Q

A Selective Media that supports the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

A

Lowenstein-Jensen Medium

63
Q

A Selective Media that allows the growth of only Vibrio cholerae and inhibits the growth of intestinal organisms.

A

Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt (TCBS) Agar

64
Q

A Type of Special Media/s that allows the visualization and differentiation of groups of bacteria usually based on the metabolic differences between each.

A

Indicator Media and Differential Media

65
Q

Identify the Indicator Media based on the given:

  • Incorporation of sulfite, S. typhi reduces sulfite to sulfide in the presence of glucose and the colonies of S. Typhi have a black metallic sheen.
A

Wilson and Blair Medium

66
Q

Indicator on MacConkey Agar

A

Neutral Red Indicator

67
Q

Identify the Indicator Media based on the given:

  • Indicates lactose fermenting property, lactose fermenter (LF) produces pink colonies and non-lactose fermenter (NLF) produces colorless colonies due to a neutral red indicator.
A

MacConkey Agar

68
Q

A Special Media that has substances incorporated in it, enabling it to bring out differing characteristics of bacteria and thus helping to distinguish between them.

A

Differential Media

69
Q

_____ is both Differential and Selective; contains peptone, meat extract, NaCl, bile salt, lactose, and neutral red indicator.

A

MacConkey Agar

70
Q

_____ is both Differential and Selective Media. It is Selective against gram-positve bacteria inhibiting their growth but it also differentiates members of the Enterobactericeae family as either non-lactose or lactose fermenter.

A

MacConkey Agar

71
Q

Used to test fermentation.

A

Sugar Media

72
Q

Used for the characterization and identification of bacteria, particularly important in the study of gram-negative bacilli.

A

Carbohydrate Fermentation

73
Q

Sugars that are routinely employed for fermentation tests:

A

Glucose
Lactose
Sucrose
Mannitol

74
Q

Components of Sugar Media:

A

1% of Sugar in Peptone Water along with an appropriate indicator

75
Q

Indicator used in Sugar Media:

A

Anrade’s Indicator - 0.005% Acid Fuchsin in NaOH

76
Q

Color of the medium of a Sugar Media

A

Light Yellow

77
Q

Sugar Media acid production is indicated by the development of _____

A

Pink Color

78
Q

In Sugar Media, the gas accumulates in the inner _____

A

Durham’s Tube

79
Q

A small, inverted test tube placed inside a larger tube containing the media.

A

Durham’s Tube

80
Q

A Sugar Media that is used for organisms which are demanding in their growth requirements (fastidious organisms) like Streptococci, Pneumococci.

A

Hiss Serum Sugars

81
Q

Culture Media used to determine sugar fermentation of fastidous organisms such as Neisseria and Streptococcus spp.

A

Hiss Serum Sugars

82
Q

Media containing ingredients to prevent the overgrowth of commensals and ensure the survival of pathogenic bacteria when specimens can not be cultured soon after collection.

A

Transport Media

83
Q

A Special Media that is used to preserve wanted organisms from the sample when there is delay between specimen collection and actual media inoculation.

A

Transport Media

84
Q

Examples of Transport Media:

A

Amies Media
Stuart Media
Kelly-Blair Media

85
Q

Special Media that is used to grow anaerobic organisms, and contain reducing substances.

A

Anaerobic Media

86
Q

A Special Media that enhances the growth of anaerobic microorganisms

A

Anaerobic Media

87
Q

A Media that acts as a reducing agent and creates an anaerobic environment deeper in the tube; contains reducing agents, such as sodium thioglycollate, glucose, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), cysteine and agar (concentration of 0.05%), with methylene blue.

A

Thioglycollate Broth

88
Q

_____ or _____ acts as an oxidation reduction potential indicator, which should show that the medium is anerobic except in the surface layer in addition to a reducing agent and semisolid agar.

A

Methylene Blue
Resazurin

89
Q

A Media that is used for the cultivation of aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic microorganisms, especially Clostridium species; contains pieces of fat free minced cooked meat of ox heart and nutrient broth; supports the growth of both spore-forming and non-spore forming obligate anaerobes and also differentiate between putrefactive and saccharolytic species.

A

Cooked Meat Broth or RCM Broth (Robertson’s Cooked Meat Broth)

90
Q

_____ of the meat indicates that the specie is saccharolytic while _____ of the meat indicates putrefaction.

A

Reddening
Blackening

91
Q

List down the step-by-step procedure in the preparation of Culture Media:

A
  1. Weighing and dissolving of culture media ingredients
  2. Sterilization and sterility testing
    - Addition of heat-sensitive ingredients
  3. Dispensing of culture media
    - pH testing of culture media
    - Quality assurance of culture media
    - Storage of culture media
92
Q

A Sterilization Method that is used to sterilize most agar and fluid culture media.

A

Autoclaving

93
Q

Preferred Time and Temperature for Autoclaving Sterilization Method:

A

121 degree Celsius, 15 psi for not less than 15 minutes

94
Q

A Sterilization Method that is used to sterilize media containing ingredients that would be inactivated at temperature over 100 OC and re-melt previously bottled sterile agar media.

A

Steaming at 100 degree Celsius

95
Q

A Sterilization Method that is used to sterilize additives that are heat-sensitive and can not be autoclaved.

A

Filtration

96
Q

The simplest way to test for contamination is to incubate the prepared sample media at _____ for _____

A

35-37 degree Celsius
24 Hours

97
Q

_____ in fluid media and _____ in solid media confirm contamination.

A

Turbidity
Microbial Growth

98
Q

Using an aseptic technique, the ingredients should be added when the medium has cooled to _____, and should be distributed immediately unless further heating is required.

A

50 degree Celsius

99
Q

The pH of most culture media is near neutral, and can be tested using _____ or _____

A

pH Papers
pH Meter

100
Q

List down the ste-by-step method in Dispensing Agar Media in Petri Dishes:

A
  1. Lay out the sterile petri dishes on a level surface.
  2. Mix the medium gently by rotating the flask or bottle.
  3. Flame sterilize the neck of the flask.
  4. Pour 15 ml of the medium in each petri dish.
  5. Stack the plates after the medium has gelled or cooled.
  6. Store the plates in a refrigerator.
101
Q

Plates of culture media, and additives like serum, blood and antimicrobials in solid form require storage at _____

A

2-8 degree Celsius

102
Q

Antimicrobials in solution form should be stored at _____

A

-2 degree Celsius

103
Q

All culture media and additives should be labeled with:

A

Name
Date of Preparation

104
Q

The temperature selected for routine culturing is _____

A

35-37 degree Celsius

105
Q

Anaerobic atmosphere is essential for the growth of strict anaerobes, and the techniques for obtaining anaerobic conditions are the following:

A
  • Anaerobic jar with a gas generating kit
  • Reducing agents in culture media
106
Q

Anaerobic environment is achieved by using agents such as _____ that remove oxygen inside the chamber by combining it with hydrogen to form water

A

Palladium catalyst

Clinical Bacteriology (Midterm) (11 decks)

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