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Gross Anatomy Exam 4 > LECTURE: Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

LECTURE: Nasal Cavity Flashcards

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1
Q

What forms the bony framework of the nose?

A

maxillary and nasal bones

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2
Q

What are the cartilages in the nose?

A

lateral nasal, septal and alar

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

Bones and cartilage that divide nasal cavity into right and left are collectively known as

A

nasal septum

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5
Q

What makes up the bony septum?

A

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone and vomer

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6
Q

What completes the septum anteriorly?

A

the septal cartilage

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7
Q

Blood supply to the nose comes from what arteries?

A

facial and ophthalmic arteries

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8
Q

Sensation of the nose is carried by what nerves?

A

infratrochlear, external nasal and infraorbital nerves (V2)

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9
Q

What part of the nose leads into the nasal cavity?

A

nostrils (nares)

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10
Q

____ are passageways between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx.

A

choanae

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11
Q

Most of the nasal cavity is lined with what type of cell?

A

respiratory epithelium with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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12
Q

The vestibule is located ______ line with skin.

A

inside the nose

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13
Q

The olfactory epithelium is located where in the nasal cavity?

A

roof

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14
Q

Nasal cavity has openings for what?

A

paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal duct.

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15
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses? (4)

A
  • maxillary sinus
  • frontal sinus
  • ethmoid air cells
  • sphenoid sinus
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16
Q

Which paranasal sinus opens into the middle meatus and forms the floor of the orbit?

A

maxillary sinus

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17
Q

Which paranasal sinus opens into the middle meatus and is asymmetrical?

A

frontal sinus

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18
Q

Which paranasal sinus usually from 3-18 in number, and drain into semilunar hiatus, with middle group onto surface of ethmoid bull and posterior group into superior meatus?

A

ethmoid air cells

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19
Q

Which paranasal sinus can allow infection to migrate into the orbit?

A

ethmoid air cells

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20
Q

Which paranasal sinus is in the body of the sphenoid bone, under the floor of the hypophyseal fossa?

A

sphenoid sinus

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21
Q

What are the important structures in the vicinity of the sphenoid sinus?

A
  • optic nerve
  • pituitary gland
  • cavernous sinus
  • internal carotid arteries
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22
Q

Each of these sinus is innervated by?

A
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23
Q
A
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24
Q

The lateral walls of the nasal cavity are irregular due to the

A

conchae

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25
Q

What adds to the surface area for the mucosa in the nasal cavity?

A

conchae in the lateral walls

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26
Q

The bones of the superior and middle conchae are parts of what bone?

A

ethmoid bone

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27
Q

Conchae are also referred to as what?

A

turbinates

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28
Q

____ are grooves under the conchae.

A

meatuses

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29
Q

Inferior meatus receives secretions (tears) from surface of the eye through what duct?

A

nasolacrimal

30
Q

A bulge formed by middle ethmoid air cells

A

bulla

31
Q

A groove anterior to the bulla and has openings for the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus and anterior ethmoid air cells

A

semilunar hiatus

32
Q

_________ has openings for posterior ethmoid air cells

A

Superior meatus

33
Q

Has openings for sphenoid sinus, located posterior to the superior concha.

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

34
Q

Fracture of the cribiform plate can lead to what?

A

leakage of CSF into the nasal cavity

35
Q

How can you tell if CSF is being leaked into the nasal cavity?

A

Inject dye into CSF which will show up on cotton placed in nose

36
Q

The region of the pharynx just posterior to the nasal cavity.

A

nasopharynx

37
Q

Communication between middle ear (tympanic) cavity and nasopharynx

A

pharyngotympanic (eustachian) tube

38
Q

Elevation formed by cartilaginous end of pharyngotympanic tube

A

torus tubarius

39
Q

lymphoid tissue in the posterior wall of nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal tonsil

40
Q

a groove between salpingopharyngeal fold and posterior wall of nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal recess

41
Q

muscle that elevates the soft palate during swallowing, and runs from the cartilage of the pharyngotympanic tube to the palatine aponeurosis

A

levator veli palatini

42
Q

muscle that tenses the soft palate during swallowing, runs from medial pterygoid plate, sphenoid spine and auditory tube to the soft palate

A

tensor veli palatini

43
Q

The tendon of what loops around the pterygoid hamalus of medial pterygoid plate?

A

tensor veli palatini

44
Q

A muscle that forms the salpingopharyngeal fold and runs from the posterior aspect of the cartilaginous part of the pharyngotympanic tube to blend with the palatopharyngeus muscle?

A

salpingopharyngeus

45
Q

Which muscle helps elevate the pharynx during swallowing?

A

salpingopharyngeus

46
Q

Levator veli palatini is innervated by what nerve?

A

CN X (vagus)

47
Q

Tensor veli palatini is innervated by what nerve?

A

V3 (trigeminal)

48
Q

Salpingopharyngeus is innvervated by what nerve?

A

CN X (vagus)

49
Q

What is shaped like an inverted tear drop and is located between the pterygoid process and the maxillary bone?

A

pterygomaxillary fissure

50
Q

Which 2 terminal branches of the maxillary artery supply blood to the nasal cavity?

A

the descending palatine artery and the sphenopalatine artery

51
Q

The sphenopalatine artery splits into what in the nasal cavity?

A
  • posterior lateral nasal artery
  • posterior septal artery
52
Q

Which artery goes to the lateral nasal wall?

A

posterior lateral nasal arteries

53
Q

Which artery goes to the nasal septum?

A

posterior septal artery

54
Q

The posterior septal artery courses to the incisive canal where it will join with what arteries?

A

palatine arteries

55
Q

The anterior ethmoidal artery (from ophthalmic) helps supply blood to the nasal cavity by what means?

A

Its anterior lateral nasal branch and anterior septal branch

56
Q

The superior labial artery from the facial artery contributes blood supply to the …

A

vestibule

57
Q

Which nerve provides innervation to the nasal cavity?

A

olfactory nerve

58
Q

Aside from the olfactory nerve, what is highly vascular and has many mucous glands that have nerves to carry autonomics to the glands as well as general sensation from the mucosa?

A

respiratory epithelium

59
Q

The parasympathetics to the nasal mucosa come from what nerve?

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

60
Q

Pre-synaptic fibers travel with the greater petrosal nerve which branches off CN VII in the middle cranial fossa and synapse with post-synaptic fibers where?

A

in the pterygopalatine ganglion

61
Q

Sympathetic fibers from nasal mucosa originate from where/

A

the carotid plexus and forms the deep petrosal nerve

62
Q

The sympathetics of the deep petrosal nerve join the parasympathetics of the greater petrosal nerve to form which nerve?

A

Vidian nerve - the nerve of the pterygoid canal

63
Q

How are sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers distributed to the nasal cavity?

A

Via posterior lateral nasal and nasopalatine nerves

64
Q

Sympathetics and parasympathetics are also delivered to the mucosa of the oral palate by what nerves?

A

palatine nerves

65
Q

General sensation from the nasal cavity is carried mainly by what nerve?

A

maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2)

66
Q

The sensory fibers travel within which nerves?

A

posterior lateral nasal and nasopalatine nerves

67
Q

From the posterior lateral nasal and nasopalatine nerves, the sensory fibers join with V2 in the roof of what?

A

the pterygopalatine fossa

68
Q

Sensation from the anterior aspect of the nasal cavity is carried by what nerves?

A

lateral internal nasal and medial internal nasal nerves (from V1)

69
Q

The palatine nerves also carry general sensation from the palate and is part of which nerve?

A

V2

70
Q

Autonomics to the lacrimal gland travel to the roof of the pterygopalatine fossa to join V2 where they join which nerve into the gland?

A

V1 (lacrimal nerve)

Gross Anatomy Exam 4 (13 decks)

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