Lecture Four Reading Flashcards
What are some examples of hallucinogens?
LSD
PCP
Cannabis
What are some examples of opiates (narcotics)?
Morphine
Heroin
What are some examples of depressants?
Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Rohypnol GHB Alcohol
What are some examples of stimulants?
Amphetamines Methamphetamines MDMA (Ecstasy) Cocaine Nicotine Caffeine
What is tolerance?
A situation which occurs with continued use of a drug in which an individual requires a greater dosage to achieve the same effect
What is physiological dependence?
The body becomes adjusted to or dependent on a drug
What is psychological dependence?
The psychological need or craving for a drug
What is a teratogen?
Environmental factors such as diseases or drugs that cause structural abnormalities in a developing foetus
What does foetal alcohol syndrome cause?
Small heads, bodies and facial abnormalities
Which neurotransmitter do hallucinogens affect?
Seratonin
Which neurotransmitter do opiates affect?
Opiates bind to the same neurotransmitter as endorphins and increase receptor site activity
Which neurotransmitter do depressants affect?
GABA
Which neurotransmitters do stimulants affect?
Norepinephrine
Seratonin
Dopamine
What is the reward pathway?
Rewarding stimulus administered
Info travels to the ventral tegmental area (VTA)
Nucleus accumbens is affected
Prefrontal cortex is stimulated
What is the pathway ecstasy takes to get to the brain?
Absorbed in the stomach Absorbed into the blood Through liver and into the veins of the heart Pumped from the heart into the lungs Oxygenated blood travels to the brain