Lecture Exam 3 Flashcards
A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits from the association while the other species is not harmed but does not benefit from the relationship
Commensalism
Which of the following could result in a type II hypersensitivity?
Wrong
All the following are true of most diseases caused by fungus except
a. Fungi spores enter the body thru a cut or a wound
b. Fungi could release enzymes that attack host cells
c. Fungi can use its flagellum to expel tissue fluids
d. Fungi produce mycotoxins, which cause disease if ingested by humans
C. Fungi can use its flagellum to expel tissue fluids
Giardia intestinalis, a Protozoan, posses the following virulence factor
Adhesive disc
Physical barriers of nonspecific defenses
Include both the cells that line the body surfaces and the chemicals they secrete
Which statement about chemical barriers is false
a. High salt content of sweat inhibits the growth of bacteria
b. Chemical barriers include mechanism to limit free iron
c. Secreted defensins form pores in microbe membranes
d. Chemical barriers include eosinophils and macrophages
d. Chemical barriers include eosinophils and macrophages
Allergens binds to sensitized mast cells carrying surface ____ molecules, causing degranulation
Wrong
_____ is the after affects of the disease after recovery
Sequelae
Granulocytes include all of the following except
Good
Leukocytes responsible for killing intracellular viruses are ____
Natural killer cells
Heat pain, redness and swelling are symptoms of
Inflammation
The rapid transfer of microbial pathogen through animals of a susceptible species ____
Good
Which of the following must be true in order to satisfy some of Koch’s postulates?
Good
Toxoid
Good
The granulocytes that releases the inflammatory agent histamine is a
Wrong
Which of the following does NOT occur in the process of phagocytosis?
Wrong
Factors that improve the chances of pathogen’s ability to invade a host and cause infection are known as
Good
The spreading of exotoxins from the site of infection via the blood is called
Wrong
Some strain of streptococcus pyogenes (flesh eating bacteria is a causative agent of
Good
Toll-like receptors
Wrong
Type IV hypersensitivity includes
Good
The condition that is caused by exogenous and endogenous pyrogens is called
Good
HIV has an affinity for cells that bear the ____ antigen (s. on their surface
CD4
Gas gangrene, with gas production leading to tissues necrosis is due to
Good
Interferons which are stimulated by viruses and ____
Good
What is the difference between rubella and rubeola?
Good
Cytokines
Wrong
Adaptive immunity is ____
Good
Injection of a patient with ready-made antibodies produced in a different host is an example of what type of immunity?
Good
Injection of a person with a vaccine that induces protective immunity in that individual is an example of what type of immunity
Good
Colostrum, which contains high concentrations of antibodies passed onto an infant from a mother during breast-feeding is an example of what type of immunity?
Good
HAART (Highly Active Antiretrovial Therapy is
Good
A protein molecules produced in a host in response to an agent which is capable of binding to that antigen is a/an
Good
Burn infections
Wrong
What is the site where stem cells develop into B lymphocytes in humans?
Good
All of the following are symptoms of measles except
Good
Which class of immunoglobulin consists of five units (pentamer connected by J chains?
Good
All of the following have correctly matched antibody class with their function except
Wrong
Antigens that have capacity to activate huge numbers of immune T cells non-specifically resulting in a large immune response that results in disease are ____
Good
Which of the following T cells secretes lymphokines that further activate B cells to differentiate into plasma cells?
Good
Which one is the first antibody to be produced?
Good
Hypersensitivity or allergy refers to the immune system responding ____
Good
Anaphylaxis is associated with which type of hypersensitivity?
Good
Staphylococcus aureus causes all of the following except
Good
Scarlet fever can lead to serious complications including
Good
Which of the following Staphylococcal infections is matched correctly with the infection site?
Good
Which of the following statement about scalded skin syndrome is incorrect?
Wrong
Which of the following conditions is associated with the erythrogenic toxin of Streptococcus pyogenes?
Good
Debridement
Good
Eosinophils are present in large number during worm infections
True
- List the stages of infectious diseases in order And define each stage
- A women gave birth to a still born, and the test showed that the infant was infected with rubella. Mother’s medical history showed that she was immunized with MMR when she was young and she had no signs or symptoms during or before her pregnancy. She has two children, and they both were born normal. Both were immunized at appropriate age, and her youngest one was immunized 9 months ago.
A. How did the mother become infected with rubella?
B. What specific test was done on infant that was positive for rubella?
Answer
