Ch3 Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Flashcards
What are Prokaryotic Cells?
Cells with No nucleus
Simple structure (no membrane organelles)
Smaller in size
Single-cell
What are Eukaryotic Cells?
Cells with true nucleus
More complex structure
Similarities between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Both have DNA
Both have Ribosome
Both have Cytoplasm
When bacteria differ widely in form is called?
Pleomorphism (when is the same bacteria but looks different)
Why is Gram staining important?
It is used to differentiate between gram positive organisms and gran negative organisms
What is the cell wall in gram positive organisms called?
A thick layer of protein-sugar called peptidoglycan
In Gram staining…
Crystal violet stains only gran-positive bacteria, and safranin counterstain is applied which stains all cells. Allowing the identification of Gram-negative bacteria as well.
Removal of the cell wall in a gram positive bacteria results in the formation of
Protoplast
A media in which gram positive organism turn green and gram negative organism turn blue would be
Differential
What is Endocytisis?
Is the process of taking materials into the cell
Bacteria with one a single flagellum is said to be _______
Monotrichous
Bacteria with two flagella are said to be _______
Amphitrichous
Bacteria with two flagella at both ends are said to be _______
Lophotrichous
Bacteria with flagella all over their surface are said to be _______
Peritrichous
Bacteria a without flagella are said to be
Atrichous
Bacteria can transfer DNA to another cell using ______
Conjugation pili
Bacteria (Prokaryotes)ribosomes
Have a sedimentation rate of 70S,
subunits are 30S and 50S
Eukaryotes ribosomes
Have a sedimentation rate of 80S,
subunits are 60S and 40S
Inclusions found in bacteria include
Granules and Vesicles
Diffusion means
Movement from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration
Peptidoglycan makes up more than 60% of the cell wall
Gram positive
Penicillin controls the growth of bacteria by _____
Preventing peptidoglycan synthesis
Lysozyme found in human tears controls the growth of bacteria by _____
Digesting peptidoglycan
