Ch6 Bacterial Metabolism

Question 1

What is metabolism?

Answer 1

Is breaking down molecules or building molecules. Is the sum of all chemical process carried out by living organisms.
Is Ananolism and Catabolism together

Question 2

Describe Catabolism

Answer 2

Reaction that release energy by breaking complex molecules into simpler ones that can be reused as building blocks

Question 3

Describe Anabolism

Answer 3

Reaction that require energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler one
It is needed for growth, reproduction and repair of cellular structures

Question 4

What is oxidation?

Answer 4

Loss or removal of electrons

*Remember LEO Loosing Electron Oxidize

Question 5

What is reduction?

Answer 5

Is gain of electrons

*Remeber GER Gain Electron Reduction

Question 6

All microorganisms chart

Answer 6

Inorganic Co2 Autotrophs (self feeders)

Organic Heterotrophs (other feeders)

Question 7

What are enzymes?

Answer 7

Enzymes are special category of protein found in all living organism.
Enzymes act as a catalyst and serve as a biological catalyst. (Speed up the reaction)

Question 8

What are catalyst.

Answer 8

All enzymes are organic catalyst or biological catalysts

Not all catalyst are enzymes

Question 9

How does enzyme works?

Answer 9

Enzymes lower the activation energy so reactions can occur at mild temperature in living cells

Question 10

Describe the active site of an enzyme

Answer 10

The active site on the surface of the enzyme is the bidding site
The active site is the region at which the enzyme forms a loose association with it’s substrate

Question 11

Describe the process of an enzyme

Answer 11

Enzymes lower the activation energy so reactions can occur at mild temperature in living cells

Question 12

What is a substrate?

Answer 12

Is a substance on which the enzyme ac.

When it collided with active site of its enzyme, an enzyme-substrate complex is formed

Question 13

Describe the protein structures of

Primary structure?

Answer 13

Protein consists of the specific sequence of amino acid in a polypeptide chain

Question 14

Describe the protein structures of

Secondary structure?

Answer 14

Protein consists of the folding or coiling of amino acid chains into a particular pattern, such as a helix or pleated sheet. Hydrogen bonding are responsible for this structure

Question 15

Describe the protein structures of

Tertiary structure?

Answer 15

Further bending and folding of the protein molecule into globular (irregular spherical) shapes or fibrous threadlike strands

Question 16

Describe the protein structures of

Quaternary structure?

Answer 16

Formed by association of several tertiary-structured polypeptide chains

Question 17

What is the shape of an enzyme?

Answer 17

A tertiary structure

Question 18

How are enzyme named?

Answer 18

Usually named by adding the suffix-ase to the name of the substrate on which they act.
Ex: phosphatase, sucrase, lipase, peptidase

Question 19

What are the categories of an enzyme?

Answer 19

1. Endoenzymes- (including intracellular enzymes)act with the cell that produce them
2. Exoenzymes- (including extracellular enzymes) are synthesized in a cell but cross the cell membrane to act in the periplasmic space or in the cells immediate environment

Question 20

What is a coenzyme?

Answer 20

Is a nonprotein organic molecule bound to or loosely associated with an enzyme
Coenzymes are vitamins

Question 21

What is a cofactor?

Answer 21

Usually is an inorganic ion, such as magnesium, zinc, or manganese