Lecture Exam 3

Question 1

Immunity

Answer 1

Providing resistance to disease.

Question 2

The innate system is specific or nonspecific?

Answer 2

Nonspecific

Question 3

The adaptive system is specific or nonspecific?

Answer 3

Specific

Question 4

Pathogen

Answer 4

Harmful or disease causing micro-organisms.

Question 5

Surface Innate Defensive Barriers

Answer 5

Skin, Mucous Membranes

Question 6

Surface Barrier Protection:

Answer 6

Physical barrier, chemicals secreted

Question 7

Internal Innate Defensive Barriers, Cells and Chemicals:

Answer 7

Phagocytes, Natural Killer Cells, Antimicrobial Proteins, Inflammatory Response, Fever

Question 8

Neutrophils

Answer 8

Most abundant phagocytes, become phagocytic on exposure to infectious material.

Question 9

Macrophages

Answer 9

Develop from monocytes, chief phagocytic cells.

Question 10

Steps of Phagocytosis

Answer 10

Phagocyte adheres, Phagocyte forms, Lysosome fuses, Lysosome digests, Exocytosis

Question 11

Natural Killer Cells

Answer 11

Nonphagocytic large granular lymphocytes, Attack cells that lack ‘self’ cell surface receptors.

Question 12

Apoptosis

Answer 12

Programmed cell death

Question 13

Inflammatory Response

Answer 13

Prevents spread of damaging agents, disposes of cell debris, alerts adaptive immune system, sets the stage for repair.

Question 14

Hyperemia

Answer 14

Vasodilation of local arterioles that causes redness and heat.

Question 15

Exudate

Answer 15

Fluid filling clotting factors and antibodies.

Question 16

Exudate causes:

Answer 16

Edema/Swelling

Question 17

Protective functions of localized inflammation:

Answer 17

Moves foreign material into lymphatic vessels, Delivers clotting proteins and compliment.

Question 18

Steps to phagocyte mobilization:

Answer 18

Leukocytosis, Margination, Diapedisis, Chemotaxis

Question 19

Leukocytosis

Answer 19

Neutrophils enter blood from bone marrow

Question 20

Margination

Answer 20

Neutrophils cling to capillary wall

Question 21

Diapedesis

Answer 21

Neutrophils flatten and squeeze out of capillaries

Question 22

Interferons

Answer 22

Proteins that help protect cells that have not yet been infected.

Question 23

Complement

Answer 23

Proteins that enhance both innate and adaptive defenses.

Question 24

Fever

Answer 24

High body temperature that inhibits microbes from multiplying and enhances body repair process.

Question 25

Pyrogens

Answer 25

Chemicals secreted