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Anatomy and Physiology > Lab Practical 1 > Flashcards

Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Axial

A

Relating to the axis of the body.

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2
Q

Appendicular

A

Relating to the limbs

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3
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Straight up and hands out to the side, palms facing forward.

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4
Q

Abdominal

A

Anterior body trunk region inferior to the ribs.

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5
Q

Acrominal

A

Point of the Shoulder

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6
Q

Antebrachial

A

Forearm

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7
Q

Antecubital

A

Anterior surface of the elbow

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8
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

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9
Q

Brachial

A

Arm

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10
Q

Buccal

A

Cheek

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11
Q

Carpal

A

Wrist

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12
Q

Cephalic

A

Head

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13
Q

Cervical

A

Neck Region

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14
Q

Coxal

A

Hip

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15
Q

Crurual

A

Leg

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16
Q

Digital

A

Fingers and Toes

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17
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

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18
Q

Fibular

A

Side of the leg

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19
Q

Frontal

A

Forehead

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20
Q

Hallux

A

Big Toe

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21
Q

Inguinal

A

Groin Area

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22
Q

Mammary

A

Breast

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23
Q

Manus

A

Hand

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24
Q

Mental

A

Chin

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25
Q

Nasal

A

Nose

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26
Q

Oral

A

Mouth

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27
Q

Orbital

A

Bony Eye Socket

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28
Q

Palmar

A

Palm of Hand

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29
Q

Patellar

A

Anterior Knee Region

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30
Q

Pedal

A

Foot

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31
Q

Pelvic

A

Pelvis Area

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32
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb

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33
Q

Pubic

A

Genital Region

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34
Q

Sternal

A

Region of Breastbone

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35
Q

Tarsal

A

Ankle

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36
Q

Thoracic

A

Chest

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37
Q

Umbilical

A

Navel

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38
Q

Calcaneal

A

Heel of Foot

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39
Q

Dorsum

A

Back

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40
Q

Gluteal

A

Buttocks

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41
Q

Lumbar

A

Area of back between ribs and hips

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42
Q

Occipital

A

Posterior aspect of head, base of the skull.

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43
Q

Olecranal

A

Posterior of the elbow

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44
Q

Otic

A

Ear

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45
Q

Perineal

A

Region between anus and genitals

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46
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of foot

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47
Q

Popliteal

A

Back of knee

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48
Q

Sacral

A

Region between the hips

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49
Q

Scapular

A

Shoulder blade area

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50
Q

Sural

A

Calf

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51
Q

Vertebral

A

Spinal Column

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52
Q

Superior

A

Above

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53
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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54
Q

Anterior

A

Front

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55
Q

Posterior

A

Back

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56
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

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57
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

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58
Q

Cephalad

A

Toward the head

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59
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the tail

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60
Q

Dorsal

A

Backside

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61
Q

Ventral

A

Belly Side

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62
Q

Proximal

A

Nearer to the trunk

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63
Q

Distal

A

Away from the trunk

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64
Q

Superficial

A

Toward the surface

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65
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface

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66
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Longitudinally cut.

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67
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

Longitudinally down the middle

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68
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Divides into anterior and posterior

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69
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Divides into superior and inferior

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70
Q

Two Main Body Cavities

A

Dorsal and Ventral Body Cavity

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71
Q

Dorsal Body Cavity

A

Cranial and Vertebral Cavities

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72
Q

Ventral Body Cavity

A

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavities

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73
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Pleural Cavity, Superior Mediastinum, Precardial Cavity

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74
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

Abdominal Cavity, Pelvic Cavity

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75
Q

Serous Membranes

A

Protect and allow organs to slide past each other.

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76
Q

Peritonium

A

Serous membranes that line the abdominal cavity.

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77
Q

Parietal Peritonium

A

Serous membranes that line the outside of the abdominal cavity.

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78
Q

Visceral Peritonium

A

Serous membranes that line the organs in the abdominal cavity.

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79
Q

Parietal Pleura

A

Serous membranes that line the pleural cavity with the lungs.

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80
Q

Visceral Pleura

A

Serous membranes that line the lungs

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81
Q

Parietal Pericardium

A

Serous membranes that line the pericardial cavity

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82
Q

Visceral Pericardium

A

Serous membranes that line the heart

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83
Q

Which Quadrant is this?

A

Upper Right Quadrant

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84
Q

Which Quadrant is this?

A

Upper Left Quadrant

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85
Q

Which Quadrant is this?

A

Lower Right Quadrant

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86
Q

Which Quadrant is this?

A

Left Lower Quadrant

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87
Q

What is region 1?

A

Right hypochondriac Region

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88
Q

What is region 2?

A

Epigastric Region

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89
Q

What is region 3?

A

Left Hypochondriac Region

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90
Q

What is region 4?

A

Right Lumbar Region

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91
Q

What is region 5?

A

Umbilical Region

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92
Q

What is region 6?

A

Left Lumbar Region

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93
Q

What is region 7?

A

Right iliac (inguinal) region

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94
Q

What is region 8?

A

Hypogastric (pubic) region

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95
Q

What is region 9?

A

Left Iliac (inguinal) region

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96
Q

What is Structure A?

A

Adrenal Glands

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97
Q

What is structure C?

A

Kidney

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98
Q

What is Structure D?

A

Ureters

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99
Q

What is structure E?

A

Urinary Bladder

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100
Q

What is the purple organ in this diagram?

A

Spleen

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101
Q

What is the organ between A and F?

A

Thyroid Gland

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102
Q

What is structure 7?

A

Pancreas

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103
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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104
Q

Where would you find Simple Squamous Epithelium?

A

Kidney, Air sacs of lungs.

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105
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

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106
Q

Where would you find Simple Cuboidal Epithelium?

A

Kidney Tubules

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107
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Simple Columnar Epithelium

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108
Q

Where would you find Simple Columnar Epithelium?

A

Digestive System

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109
Q

Parts of Epithelial Tissue

A

Apical Surface, Basal Surface, Basement Membrane, Microvilli

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110
Q

What is this tissue?

A

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

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111
Q

Where would you find Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium?

A

Trachea

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112
Q

What is this tissue?

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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113
Q

Where would you find stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Epidermis of the Skin

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114
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

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115
Q

Where would you find stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

Duct

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116
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Transitional Epithelium

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117
Q

Where would you find transitional epithelium?

A

Urinary Bladder

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118
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Ocular Lens

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119
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Rotating Nosepiece

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120
Q

What are structures 3-5?

A

Objective Lenses

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121
Q

What is structure 7?

A

Condenser

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122
Q

What is structure 8?

A

Substage Light

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123
Q

What is structure 14?

A

Base

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124
Q

What is structure 13?

A

Fine adjustment knob

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125
Q

What is structure 12?

A

Coarse adjustment knob

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126
Q

What is structure 11?

A

Stage

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127
Q

What is structure 10?

A

Arm

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128
Q

What type of cloth do you use to clean the microscope?

A

A grit free lens cloth

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129
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Skeletal Muscle

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130
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

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131
Q

Parts of Muscle Tissue

A

Striations, Intercalated Disks (cardiac muscle), Nucleus

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132
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Smooth Muscle

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133
Q

What type of tissue is this?

A

Nervous Tissue

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134
Q

Where would you find smooth muscle?

A

Lining internal organs

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135
Q

Parts of Nervous Tissue

A

Neuron, Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell Processes

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136
Q

What is this type of tissue?

A

Loose Areolar Connective Tissue

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137
Q

Where would you find loose areolar connective tissue?

A

Under epithelia of body.

138
Q

Parts of loose areolar connective tissue

A

Fibroblasts, elastic fibers (dark), collagen fibers (light), cell matrix

139
Q

What is this tissue?

A

Adipose Tissue

140
Q

Parts of Adipose Tissue

A

Cell nuclei, Fat Droplet

141
Q

What is this tissue?

A

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

142
Q

Parts of Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

A

Fibroblasts, Collagen fibers

143
Q

Where would you find adipose tissue?

A

Hypodermis of the skin

144
Q

Where would you find dense irregular connective tissue?

145
Q

What is this tissue?

A

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

146
Q

Parts of Dense Regular Connective Tissue.

A

Fibroblasts, Collagen Fibers

147
Q

Where would you find dense regular connective tissue?

148
Q

What tissue is this?

A

Hyaline Cartilage

149
Q

Where would you find hyaline cartilage?

150
Q

Parts of hyaline cartilage

A

Chondrocytes, Lacunae, Matrix

151
Q

What tissue is this?

A

Elastic Cartilage

152
Q

Where would you find elastic cartilage?

A

External Ear, Epiglottis

153
Q

Parts of elastic cartilage

A

Chondrocytes, Lacunae, Elastic Fibers

154
Q

What is this tissue?

A

Fibrocartilage

155
Q

Where would you find fibrocartilage?

A

Intervertebral Discs

156
Q

Parts of Fibrocartilage

A

Collagen Fibers

157
Q

What type of tissue is this?

158
Q

Parts of Bone Tissue

A

Osteocytes, Lacunae

159
Q

What is structure A?

160
Q

What is structure B?

161
Q

What is structure C?

A

Hypodermis

162
Q

What is Structure D?

A

Papillary Layer

163
Q

What is structure E?

A

Reticular Layer

164
Q

What is Structure F?

165
Q

What is Structure J?

A

Eccrine Sweat Gland

166
Q

What is structure K?

A

Sebaceous Oil Gland

167
Q

What is Structure L?

A

Arrector Pilli Muscle

168
Q

What is Structure M?

A

Dermal Papillae

169
Q

What is Structure A?

A

Stratum Corneum

170
Q

What is Structure B?

A

Stratum Granulosum

171
Q

What is Structure C?

A

Stratum Lucidum

172
Q

What is Structure D?

A

Stratum Spinosum

173
Q

What is Structure E?

A

Stratum Basale

174
Q

Describe the Stratum Basale

A

The depest layer, single row of actively dividing cells.

175
Q

Describe the Stratum Spinosum

A

Several layers of keratinocytes, next deepest layer.

176
Q

Describe the stratum granulosum

A

1-5 layers of flattened cells. Cells start to decay when they get to this layer.

177
Q

Describe the Stratum Lucidum.

A

One layer of thin cells only in thick skin.

178
Q

Describe the Stratum Corneum

A

Most superficial layer, all made of dead cells.

179
Q

Layers of Skin Deep to Superficial

A

Stratum Basale, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Lucidum (thick only), Stratum Corneum

180
Q

What is Structure N?

A

Sweat Pore

181
Q

What is Structure O?

A

Vascular Plexus

182
Q

What is Structure H?

A

Free Edge of Nail

183
Q

What is structure A?

A

Body of Nail

184
Q

What is structure B?

185
Q

What is the scientific name for a cuticle?

A

Eponychium

186
Q

The folds on the side of the finger are called:

A

Lateral Nail Folds

187
Q

Red Blood Cells are called:

A

Erythrocytes

188
Q

White Blood Cells are called:

A

Leukocytes

189
Q

3 Granulocytes

A

Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil

190
Q

2 Agranulocytes

A

Lymphocyte, Monocyte

191
Q

3 Formed Elements in Blood

A

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Platelets

192
Q

What is this Leukocyte?

193
Q

What is this Leukocyte?

A

Neutrophil

194
Q

What is this leukocyte?

A

Eosinophil

195
Q

What is this leukocyte?

196
Q

What is this leukocyte?

A

Lymphocyte

197
Q

What do neutrophils do?

A

Phaogcytize bacteria

198
Q

What do Eosinophils do?

A

Kill parasitic worms

199
Q

What do Basophils do?

A

Release histamines

200
Q

What do Lymphocytes Do?

A

Mount immune response

201
Q

What do monocytes do?

A

Phagocytosis

202
Q

Leukocytes from most to least in the blood stream

A

Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils

203
Q

Finding the % of an element in a hematocrit

A

Column of element/column of blood X 100

204
Q

Plasma accounts for how much of blood?

205
Q

Formed Elements account for how much of blood?

206
Q

The middle, small white layer in a hematocrit is called a:

A

Buffy Coat

207
Q

What blood disorder is this?

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

208
Q

What blood disorder is this?

A

Pernicious Anemia

209
Q

What blood disorder is this?

A

Infections Mononucleosis

210
Q

Type A blood has what kind of antigens?

211
Q

Type A blood has what kind of Anti-bodies?

212
Q

Type B blood has what kind of antigens?

213
Q

Type B blood has what kind of Anti-bodies?

214
Q

Type AB blood has what kind of antigens?

215
Q

Type AB blood has what kind of antigens?

216
Q

Type O blood has what kind of antigens?

217
Q

Type O blood has what kind of anti-bodies?

218
Q

What blood is a universal donor?

219
Q

What blood type is a universal reciever?

220
Q

What is structure 14?

A

Right Atrium/Auricle of Right Atrium

221
Q

What is structure 16?

A

Left Atrium/Auricle of Left Atrium

222
Q

What is structure 15?

A

Right Ventricle

223
Q

What is structure 17?

A

Left Ventricle

224
Q

What is structure 11?

A

Superior Vena Cava

225
Q

What is structure 13?

A

Right Pulmonary Artery

226
Q

What is structure 9?

A

Left Pulmonary Artery

227
Q

What is structure 11?

A

Left Pulmonary Veins

228
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Right Pulmonary Veins

229
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Aortic Arch

230
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Brachiocephalic Trunk

231
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Left Common Carotid Artery

232
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Left Sublavian Artery

233
Q

What is structure 22?

234
Q

What is the structure upon all of the great vessels of the heart are located?

235
Q

A small indentation in the right atrium is called what?

A

Fossa Ovalis

236
Q

The muscles of the atria, like structure 4 are called what?

A

Pectinate Muscles

237
Q

What is structure 16?

A

Interventricular septum

238
Q

What is structure 7?

A

Ligamentum Arteriosum

239
Q

What is structure 7?

A

Papillary Muscles

240
Q

The muscles of the ventricles, like structure 15 are called what?

A

Trabeculae Carneae

241
Q

The ends of each of the AV pumps are called what?

A

Chordae Tendinae

242
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Posterior Interventricular Artery in Sulcus

243
Q

What is structure 18?

A

Anterior Interventricular Artery in Sulcus

244
Q

What is structure 19?

A

Right Coronary artery in Sulcus

245
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Pulmonary Semi-Lunar Valve

246
Q

What is structure 13?

A

Aortic Semi-Lunar Valve

247
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Tricuspid Atrioventricular Valve

248
Q

What is structure 14?

A

Bicuspid Atrioventricular Valve

249
Q

What is structure 20?

A

Left Cornary Artery in Sulcus

250
Q

What is structure 21?

A

Circumflex Artery

251
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Great Cardiac Vein

252
Q

What is the vein called next to structure 18?

A

Great Cardiac Vein

253
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Middle Cardiac Vein

254
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Coronary Sinus

255
Q

Where does the electrical signal in the heart go first?

A

The Sinoatrial node

256
Q

Where does the electrical signal in the heart go after the sino atrial node?

A

The atrioventricular node

257
Q

After the electrical signal is transferred to the atrioventricular node, where does it go in the heart?

A

Bundles of His right and left branches

258
Q

After the signal is transferred through the bundles of His in the heart, where does the electrical signal go?

A

Subendocardial Conducting Network made of Purkinje Fibers

259
Q

Segment 6 is what?

260
Q

Interval 11 is what?

A

Q-T segment

261
Q

What happens before the P wave in an ECG?

A

SA node generates impulse, atrial depolarization begins.

262
Q

What happens on the P wave of an ECG?

A

Impulse is delayed at the AV node, atrial depolarization complete.

263
Q

What happens during the Q segment of an ECG?

A

Impulses pass through bundles of His, ventricular depolarization begins

264
Q

What happens during the QRS segment of an ECG?

A

Ventricular depolarization becomes complete.

265
Q

What is structure 1?

266
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Tunica Intima

267
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Tunica Media

268
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Tunica Externa

269
Q

Tunica Intima is made of?

A

Endothelium

270
Q

Tunica Media is made of?

A

Smooth Muscle

271
Q

Tunica Externa is made of?

A

Collagen Fibers

272
Q

Capillaries only contain?

A

Tunica Intima

273
Q

Name both structures on this diagram.

A

Right is a vein, Left is an artery

274
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Brachiocephalic Trunk

275
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Axillary Artery

276
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Subclavian Artery

277
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Common Carotid Artery

278
Q

What is structure 5?

A

External Carotid Artery

279
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Internal Carotid Artery

280
Q

What is structure 7?

A

Vertebral Artery

281
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Common Carotid Arteries

282
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Right Subclavian Artery

283
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Left Subclavian Artery

284
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Brachiocephalic Trunk

285
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Vertebral Artery

286
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Axillary Artery

287
Q

What is structure 7?

A

Brachial Artery

288
Q

What is structure 8?

A

Radial Artery

289
Q

What is structure 9?

A

Ulnar Artery

290
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Celiac Trunk

291
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Common Hepatic Artery

292
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Right Gastric Artery

293
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Superior Mesenteric Artery

294
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Right Gastroepiploic Artery

295
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Left Gastroepipolic Artery

296
Q

What is structure 7?

A

Left Gastric Artery

297
Q

What is structure 8?

A

Splenic Artery

298
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Celiac Trunk

299
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Renal Artery

300
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Superior Mesenteric Artery

301
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

302
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Common Iliac Artery

303
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Celiac Trunk

304
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Superior Mesenteric Artery

305
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

306
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Left Common Iliac Artery

307
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Common Iliac Artery

308
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Internal Iliac Artery

309
Q

What is structure 3?

A

External Iliac Artery

310
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Femoral Artery

311
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Popliteal Artery

312
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Anterior Tibial Artery

313
Q

What is structure 7?

A

Posterior Tibial Artery

314
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Common Iliac Vein

315
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Internal Iliac Vein

316
Q

What is structure 3?

A

External Iliac Vein

317
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Femoral Vein

318
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Hepatic Veins

319
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Inferior Vena Cava

320
Q

What is structure 3?

A

External Iliac Vein

321
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Internal Iliac Vein

322
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Common Iliac Vein

323
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Renal Veins

324
Q

What is structure 1?

A

External Jugular Vein

325
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Internal Jugular Vein

326
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Brachiocephalic Vein

327
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Subclavian Vein

328
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Superior Vena Cava

329
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Brachiocephalic Veins

330
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Right Subclavian Vein

331
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Axillary Vein

332
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Inferior Vena Cava

333
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Superior Vena Cava

334
Q

What is structure 6?

A

Left Subclavian Vein

335
Q

What is structure 7?

A

External Jugular Vein

336
Q

What is structure 8?

A

Internal Jugular Vein

337
Q

What is structure 1?

A

Hepatic Veins

338
Q

What is structure 2?

A

Hepatic Portal Vein

339
Q

What is structure 3?

A

Superior Mesenteric Vein

340
Q

What is structure 4?

A

Inferior Mesenteric Vein

341
Q

What is structure 5?

A

Gastric Veins

Anatomy and Physiology (7 decks)

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