Lecture 9.2: Cardiovascular system 1

Question 1

What is the pericardium?

Answer 1

A “sac” covering the heart + great vessels; like a covering; layer

Question 2

What are the two layers of the pericardium called?

Answer 2

1. Fibrous

2. Serous; parietal and visceral

Question 3

What is the layer of pericardium covering the heart called?

Answer 3

VISCERAL serous pericardium

Question 4

What is the pericardial cavity?

Answer 4

a potential space between the parietal and visceral layers of serous pericardium; contains a small amount of fluid, providing a frictionless environment for the beating heart

Question 5

Describe the view of the heart; outer layer

Answer 5

Our heart is rotated approximately 45 degrees to the left. This results in our right chambers lying at the front while our left chambers lay at the back; although, the LV peeps out to the front a little

Question 6

What is the apex?

Answer 6

The apex is the point of the heart; mostly formed by the

LV. It is the closest part of the heart to the chest wall; touches the 5th intercostal space

Question 7

Where is the base of the heart?

Answer 7

Posterior; the back

Question 8

Describe the borders of the heart

Answer 8

Right border: RA
Inferior border: RV
Left border: LV

Question 9

Describe the placement of the atria

Answer 9

They actually begin at the BACK of the heart, and point forwards, forming an ‘ear’ shaped structure called an AURICLE; this is how we know if we are looking at the front or back of the heart

Question 10

How do we know where the RA, RV, LV, LA starts and ends?

Answer 10

There are grooves between the sections called SULCUS

Question 11

Name all the sulcus

Answer 11

Dividing the ventricles is the INTERVENTRICULAR SULCUS

Dividing the atria from ventricle is the ATRIOVENTRICULAR SULCUS

Question 12

Describe the important features of the right atrium

Answer 12

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