Lecture 6.2: Bones and joints of the Lower Limb Flashcards
When UL and LL develop, how do they rotate?
UL: rotate laterally
LL: rotate medially
What is the difference between flexors and extensors in UL and LL?
UL: Flexors are anterior
LL: Flexors are posterior
Whats the main difference between male and female pelvis?
Female is wider, Male is taller and more narrow
What are the name of the bones that make up the pelvis?
Illium, ischium and pubis
What is the ‘acetabulum’?
the point where all 3 bones of the hip unite. it is DEEP compared to the socket of the shoulder girdle
What are ‘trochanters’?
They are the LL versions of tubicles
Describe the femur bone
It is a bony trabecula; bears weight, especially on its neck
What is the ‘arcuate bundle’?
criss cross trabecula in the femur; it resists the pull of muscles
What is the name of the two bones that make up the lower limb?
Tibia and Fibula
Difference between the tibia and fibula
Tibia weight bears, fibula does not
Features of the tibia and fibula?
Tibia has the MEDIAL MALLEOLUS, a bony process (outside)
Tibia has a TIBIAL PLATEAU, for the knee joint
Tibia has TROCHLEAR NOTCH for ankle joint
Fibula has a LATERAL MALLEOLUS
Name the two important tarsal bones of the foot, describe them
Talus and Calcaneus.
Talus is involved in the ankle joint, calc is your heel
What is special about the talus?
NO MUSCLES ATTACH TO IT
What are the joints of the pelvic girdle?
- Sacroiliac joint
- Public symphysis
- Sacrococcygeal joint
Stability vs mobility of the pelvic girdle?
Very STABLE therefore not very MOBILE
…compared to shoulder girdle
What are the three ligaments of the hip joint?
- Iliopublic
- Pubofemoral
- Iliofemoral
What may happen if you fracture your neck of femur?
can lead to avascular necrosis! death of the bone because no blood supply
What is the most stable position of the hip?
Extension; because ligaments are wound up around the hip joint
What kind of joint is the knee joint?
COMPOUND; more than 2 bones involved
HINGE
What are the two synovial joints in the knee?
- femur with tibia: tibiofemoral
2. femur with patella: patellofermoral
