Lecture: 5.3: Upper limb muscles and movements

Question 1

What is retraction and protraction of the scapula?

Answer 1

Retraction is moving the scapula to the midline, pulling the arm back
Protraction is moving the scapula away from the midline and the arm moves forward

Question 2

Do the following with your shoulder:

• Abduction/adduction
• Retraction/protraction
• Lateral/medial rotation

Answer 2

.

Question 3

Do the following with your forearm:

• Flexion/extension
• Pronation/Supination

Answer 3

.

Question 4

Do the following with your wrist:

• Abduction/adduction
• Flexion/extension

Answer 4

.

Question 5

Do the following with your fingers:

• Flexion/extension
• Abduction/aduction

Answer 5

.

Question 6

What is fascia of the arm and fascia of the forearm called?

Answer 6

arm: brachial fascia
forearm: antebrachial fascia

Question 7

Name some specialised fascia

Answer 7

• Aponeurosis
• Retinaculum
• Interosseus membrane
• Digital sheath

Question 8

Name the superficial/instrinsic muscles of the back. Why are they not true back muscles?

Answer 8

Latissimus dorsi
Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major
Not true back muscles because they move the upper limb

Question 9

Name the muscles of the shoulder girdle/scapula

Answer 9

• Pectorial muscles
• Serratus anterior (on the ribs)
• Deltoid (next to bicep)

Question 10

What are the scapulo-humeral muscles?

Answer 10

They bring the scapula towards the humerous

- Deltoid, biceps, rotator cuff muscles

Question 11

What are rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 11

fixator muscles that blend with the capsule of the shoulder joint an pull the humerus head towards the glenoid
S.I.T.S

Question 12

How are muscles of the arm separated?

Answer 12

Anterior compartment: flexors

Posterior compartment: extensors

Question 13

Name the anterior compartment muscles of the arm

Answer 13

• Biceps
• Brachialis
• Coracobrachialis

(BBC)

Question 14

Name the posterior compartment muscles of the arm

Answer 14

• Triceps

Question 15

How many muscle layers does the anterior compartment of the forearm have?

Answer 15

3; superficial, intermediate and deep

Question 16

Name the main things found in the 3 muscle layers of the forearm

Answer 16

1. Superficial: LONG muscles, arise from the medial epicondyle of the humerus
2. Intermediate: flexor digitorum superficialis
3. Deep: flexor pollicis longus (thumb), flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus

Question 17

How many muscle layers does the posterior compartment of the forearm have?

Answer 17

2; superficial and deep

Question 18

How many muscles in the superficial and deep layers of the forearm? (posterior compartment)

Answer 18

superficial; 6

deep; 5