Lecture 9: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flashcards
Recall the gastrointestinal tract.
Recall the histological difference between small intestine and colon.
Recall the cells of the gastrointestinal tract.
Describe the classification of inflammatory condition of the intestine.
- Infections
- Viral (rotavirus, norovirus)
- bacterial (E. coli, Salmonella)
- parasitic (amoebic, Schistosomiasis)
- Non-infectious
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Ulcerative Colitis, Chron’s DIsease)
- Ischaemic enterocolitis
- Radiation-induced enterocolitis
- drug, chemical, food-related
- immune mediated
Recall the difference between Crohn Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Mention their symptoms.
Describe ulcerative colitis.
A chronic inflammation disease of the colon, involving the rectal mucosa and varying portions of the large intestine. It usually occurs as a chronic disease with mild to severe exacerbation but occasionally occurs in the acute form. Symptoms include:
- diarrhea
- abdominal pain
- rectal bleeding
- extra-intestinal manifestation (fever, joint pain)
Mention the visual characteristics of the intestinal lining in the case of ulcerative colitis.
- Mucosa - shallow ulceration with mucosal bridges
- Later re-epithelialise as healing occurs resembling polyps (Pseudopolyps)
- Colon shortened
- Wall of normal thickness
- Serosa intact
- Ileum spared
Mention the features of active ulcerative colitis.
Mention the features of remission after ulcerative colitis.
What is Chron’s Disease?
It is a chronic inflammatory condition, potentially involving any part of the alimentary tract from mouth to anus; most commonly the distal small intestine and proximal colon, with rectum frequently spared.
It is also characterised by segmental areas of involvement, with normal intervening bowel and trans-mural extension of the disease process.
What are the symptoms and complications of Crohn’s disease?
Symptoms:
- diarrhea
- abdominal pain
- rectal bleeding
- extraintestinal manifestation (fever, joint pain)
Complications:
- fistula formation and strictures
- fat and vitamin malabsorption with small bowel involvement
Mention the visual characteristics of Crohn’s Disease in the intestine.
Mention the features of active Crohn’s Disease.
Recall the comparison between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s Disease.
Recall the pathogenesis of IBD.
Recall the difference in immune response between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s Disease.
Mention an example of IBD complication.
Recall information regarding inflammation-associated cancers.
Definition
: when chronic inflammation promotes the onset and progression of cancer
- Colitis-associated cancer (CAC)
- Factors determining development:
- Disease of longer than 10 years
- Onset of disease in childhood
- Severe first attack and evidence of continuing activity
- Extend of colitis
- Factors determining development:
- Colorectal cancer
- 2nd most common cancer in Australia
- Risk factors: age, family history, IBD, obesity, diabetes
- Only 20% are familial
