lecture 9: age of experimentation Flashcards
because the price of peper was just as high as the price of gold, the europeans invented ___ to trade with the arabs
alchemy
what was the book that contributed to the birth of modern science?
Optics
what does the front page of Instauratio Magna tell us
- pillars of hercules
- limits of the ancient world and knowledge b/c they never ventured into the oceans (romans and greeks)
- pillars symbolize the limits of ancient knowledge
what was the reason for refrigeration?
to remove the terrible smell and taste -> NOT toxicity
what was the major fallout b/w Newton and Hooke about?
the reflective telescope
which of bacons 5 principles of the laws of nature differs from older versions of science?
objectivity
- today we are driven by the profit motive
who invented chemistry?
- price
- boyle
- ptolmey
- robert hooke
Boyle
___ is the definition of turning base metals into gold
transmutation
Bacons methodology about establishing facts. t or f
true
physica et mystica was about …
- elixir of live
- transforming base metals into gold
- the secrets of secrets
- none of the above
- transforming base metals into gold
what factor influenced/inspired the birth of experimentalism?
lack of refrigeration
what are bacons 5 rules of laws of nature?
- repeatable experiments
- reductionism
- objectivity
- public witnessing
- scientific publications
who sponsored the royal society?
the new middle class
what were the 2 books that alchemy was based on?
- Physica et Mystica
- Razi Al
what was Newton’s book “optics” about? how was it influential?
- the behavior of light
- matter is composed of small particles
- this is the book on how to conduct modern science
- turned the english language into the official language of modern science
the royal society was based on baconian model for collecting knowledge
true
who was burned alive because he said copernicus was right?
Giorano Bruno
identify the lowest level of the royal society’s system of collecting knowledge
- merchants of light
- captains (ppl who explore the world)
- depredators
- archives (ppl who study the archives around the world)
- 3 mystery men
- guilds (ppl who wernt scientists, But held the secrets to knowledhe)
- 4 pioneers of miners
- experiments (conduct the experiments from the above 3)
what was Newtons first publication? how was it influential?
- principa mathematica
- work on mathematics
- newtonion laws of gravity and motion -> universal
- social changes to british society
- all laws applied to all echelons of society
- changed the way the brits looked at sickness, poverty, ect. (before religion would have told ppl that the poor are poor b/c there wicked ppl)
who was the secretary of the royal society?
robert hooke
how were alchemists important/influential to modern science/technology?
since they were all liars, there was a shift from stealing money from people, to actually producing things
what were the 2 things that Newton invented
laws of nature and calculus
francis bacon used a new method of ____ to undermine aristotle
experimentalism
discribe Bacon’s “Instauratio Magna”
- conduction of modern science
- the phrase “knowledge is power”
- used for the benefit of mankind
- problem: it was actually used to kill and destroy mankind
discribe the mid level of the royal society’s system
- compliers
- put all the knowledge and experiments in writting
- put into baconian tablets
- benefactors
- most crucial
- gate keepers of the system
- decide to pursue or abandon tablets from compliers
james price went before the royal society to demonstrate how to …
turn base metals into gold which was known as the elixir of life
describe the top level of the royal society
- interpreters of nature
- taking all the knowledge and turning them into laws
alchemy evolved into modern _____
- physics
- chemistry
- knowledge
- none of the above
- chemistry
what was the royal society’s first scientific publication
“philosophical transactions”
what is Nano Mirabilis? who invented it?
the year of miracles
- newton - explained how it was possible for us to stay on earth when it revolved around the sun so rapidly
who wrote the book “making gold from mercury”
- francis bacon
- robert boyle
- william gilbert
- none of the above
- none of the above -> james price
the new religion, known as the exilir of life, is …
- gold
- knowledge
- religion
- none of the above
- -> mercury
who used magnets to invent electricity?
william Gilbert
what is the definition of science?
it is a standardized method/system for obtaining facts
