Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HIST 115 > Lecture 1: Early Tecnologies > Flashcards

Lecture 1: Early Tecnologies Flashcards

1
Q

who was the first human to walk on 2 legs?

A

Turkana boy (homo erectus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe Uruk (sumerian city)

A
  • built Bureaucracy and army - invented lawyers - first society to produce standardized weapons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

who built the pyramids?

A

ppl payed by the pharaoh

  • it was used as an engineering project to control ppl
  • instead of farmers revolting on seasons of no labor, they hired them to build pyramids
    • mainly done when nile flooding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Egyptians were the first to come up with the theory of astronomy.

A

False. They only used observation of skies for social control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how was “surplus” influential for these new societies?

A
  • Change in mentality from eat as much as you can to conserve as much as you can - without surplus your constantly fighting to survive - surplus enables you to slow down and do other things
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what were some things that the Sumerians invented?

A
  • irrigation: invented standardized measurement system (for flooding) - labor organization - Ziggurats/Pyramids - Clock/Calendar - writing (clay tablets) - transportation (wheel) - Metallurgy -
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the wheel was invented by the sumerians. T or F

A

False. there is no concrete evidence that they invented it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the ‘Mastaba’?

A
  • built for upper class - underground chambers for pharaohs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is considered the world’s first language?

A

Cuneiform (clay tablets) - later found to be receipts - stamp/seal identifying which individual it belonged to -> used for priests to keep track

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what year did the sumerians collapse?

A

1900BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did the Nile River impact the egyptians and provide them with advantages?

A
  • Used for transportation (wind blew north while current drew south) > they did not need labour to power the boads as a result of these natural forces - provided them with predictable water supply - new laywer of top soil every year -
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Agriculture emerged in _______

A

Mesepotamia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what was regarded as the first technology?

A

Oldowan tools = flake tools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sumerian civilization collapsed because of

A

internal strive/decay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why was Egypt more successful (in terms of life expectancy) than the Sumerians?

A

Geography -> their location was not as harsh with way less flooding. Also, their gropgraphy provided them with fresh top soil. The desert also protected them from enemy invasions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In point form, describe the legacy of the sumerians

A
  • wheel* - Plow - writing - government - math - measurement of time - armour/weapons/metalurgy - calendar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what was the intended design of the pyramid of GIZA?

A
  • to build a giant tomb for a pharaoh
  • complex was a cemetery that was not accessible to public
  • goal: protect the body of pharaoh
    *
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Imothep was a …

A

Minister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

who was the first pharaoh to centralize the grainry as money?

A

Menes 3200 BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe the Amorites

A

Babylonians - moved toward the alphabet - made first medical tests (based on study of birds) - worldivew based on what they see in the sky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Was Catalhoyuk made by the Sumerians?

A

No. they are in different locations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Catalhoyuk had similar houses to our modern ones. explain

A

Art work present, private bedrooms, doors, bed for dead bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what was the relationship b/w the stars and social control?

A
  • there was a relationship b/w flooding and stars - used knowledge to control farmers and peasants - predicting flood and solar eclipses (with relation to paying taxes). Priests used eclipse to scare peasants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The greatest technology of all time is A) Physics B) Education C) Astronomy D) Tools

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the date of the prehistoric period is

A

3200 BC

27
Q

what was the tool the egyptians invented to measure water? describe what it did

A

Nilometer - stick with notches - priests record amount of water (see trends as years/seasons go by) - controled society because they understood the pattern of the nile river water suply

28
Q

who invented the plow?

A

Sumerians

29
Q

How did Homo Erectus use tools differently. Was his brain bigger than Lucy?

A

Flint hand axe -> increase in amount of meat eaten -> able to kill animals bigger brain cuz of more protein injestion

30
Q

the pyramids of GIZA were build over the span of 20 years and by around 40,000 men.

A

False. 20,000 men

31
Q

what was the first civilization? where were they located?

A

The sumerians. Located in the fertile crescent. Needed to invent new technologies to adapt to the enviornment they lived in (involved lots of flooding)

32
Q

increase in food supply corelates to building pyramids

A

True

33
Q

what is this image pointing to?

A

the great ramp theory

34
Q

stone tools made from flint would be produced by

A

Homo erectus

35
Q

what was considered the ‘first town’ in 7000 BC?

A

Catalhoyuk - standard housing and buildings - controlled food surplus - (LECH) designed to preserve heat; buildings close together; weak design so fortress argument weak

36
Q

Describe the Acheulean tool (core tools)

A
  • predetermined patterned design - used flint - carve aroudn core stone, disregard the flake Luzy produced this tool
37
Q

What civilization invented writting?

A

Sumerians

38
Q

what was the first method of social control?

A

the patterns of stars

39
Q

what was the first society to develope science?

A

Greek society

40
Q

Define Technology

A

it is a system that leads to the creation of predetermined products

41
Q

Lucy (Australopithacus) was the oldest human. T or F

A

True

42
Q

the Nile river was used by the Sumerians

A

No, Egyptians

43
Q

what was the year of the domestification of animals?

A

7500 BC

44
Q

stone tools made from basalt would be produced by

A

Austropithicus

45
Q

what is this image pointing to. Define and discuss what its about

A

the trap door/grand gallery

  • intended as tomb for pharaoh
  • once workers placed body inside, they were meant to be trapped and die
  • but workers found their own tunnels to escape
46
Q

what process created the allow bronze? what was the year

A

Smelting (3000 BC) - tin and copper

47
Q

where were the first stone tools made/found. This place is also home to the oldest skeletons on earth

A

The Great Rift Valley

48
Q

what was the Egyptians system of farming like?

A

Since they had surplus of water, they had 2 harvests per year

49
Q

this is called a ?

A

step pyramid

50
Q

why did egypt change after hyksos took over?

A

they had diff traditions than egyptians

  • took over and abolished the rule of pharaoh
  • egyptian society never same anymore cuz they felt powerless
    *
51
Q

the ______ gave us the paradigm of modern cities. A) romans B) Greeks C) Sumerians D) Egyptians

A

A

52
Q

What is the oldest form of technology?

A

Stone Tools

53
Q

Recap: 1) what was the first civilization? 2) what was the first city. 3) what was considered the first town?

A

1) Sumerians 2) Uruk (4000 BC) 3) Catalhoyuk (7000 BC)

54
Q

stone tools made from basalt are associatedwith

A

oldowan tools

55
Q

what is the greatest invention of them all? why?

A

The plow (also known as the wooden stick) - first civilizations born because of plow - first technological advice that changed the entire system - from then on, technological changes rapid

56
Q

how was the Ziggurat of UR used?

A

Used as a temple that was dedicated to god to guard the city

57
Q

what is the biggest pyramid of egypt called ?

A

Khufu - Great pyramid of Giza

58
Q

was egypt as technologically advanced as we make it seem today?

A

(lech) NO

  • pyramids they build had no public purpose
  • restricted to upper echalons of society
  • all resources went to building trombs
  • society preocupied with after life
  • religion impacted their worldview/way of dealing with society
59
Q

______ changed everything. It lead to the emergence of the Sumerians

A

Agriculture

60
Q

how were the blocks made and brought to the pyramid site?

A

specialists who cut stone

  • acheived high levels of sophistication which we dont have anymore

blocks were pre-manufactured off site

  • near quaries
  • transported by water
61
Q

who were the people who took over the egyptians?

A

Hyksos 1700BC

62
Q

what does this image point to? Discuss how they were made. Are they a realistic theory?

A

Earth ramp theory

  • compacted sand and grew with pyramid
  • based on evidence and most realistic theory
63
Q

most important animal was the A) Cow B) Pig C) Sheep D) Goat. Why?

A

Pig - good for pharmeceuticals - used in warfare - smart animals

64
Q

what was something that the Sumerians struggled to understand?

A

Geography

HIST 115 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions