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Cardiology > Lecture 9 > Flashcards

Lecture 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Measures of the heart’s performance (3)

A

SV= EDV-ESV
HR
CO=HRxSV

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2
Q

TPR and ESV have to do with

A

afterload

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3
Q

EDV has to do with

A

Preload and venous return

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4
Q

Preload

A

force stretching a relaxed myocardium

EDV affects preload

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5
Q

Afterload

and 2 examples

A

force opposing shortening of myocardium during contraction

  • inc arterial pressure would inc afterload
  • aortic stenosis would in afterload
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6
Q

Determinants of SV- Frank starling principle (3)

A

venous return determines EDV
Sympathetic drive modifies contractility
(length tension graph)

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7
Q

Increased SV can be achieved by: (2)

A 
inc muscle length (venous return)
inc contractility (force generated at any given length)- by inc intracellular Ca
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8
Q

Effect of cell length (EDV)(2)

A

cell length determines overlap of thick and thin filaments

length of relaxed cells is determined by amount of blood in the ventricle (venous return)

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9
Q

the length tension relationship of the heart allows for…

and example

A

equalization of output from left and right sides of the heart
ex:inc output from right side of heart-> inc filling of left ventricle (EDV)-> inc stretch of cardiac muscle fibers, inc force development in left ventricle -> inc left ventricular output

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10
Q

Inc arterial BP leads to ____ and a reduction in _____

A 
higher afterload (inc amount of blood left in heart)
ejection fraction
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11
Q

inc contractility =

A

inc SV

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12
Q

inotropes act by

A

modulating Ca levels in cardiac muscle cells

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13
Q

positive inotrope is…

A

any agent that inc peak isometric tension at a fixed length (contractility)

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14
Q

In skeletal muscle force of contraction is inc by inc (2)

A 
frequency of AP 
# of fibers stimulated
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15
Q

In cardiac muscle force of contraction is inc by: (3)

A

intracellular Ca [ ]
AP frequency is determined by SA node
ALL fibers are contracted with each heart beat

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16
Q

Receptor operated Ca channel process (8)

A 
Beta adrenergic receptor binds Adr or NA
activation of Adenyl cyclase
inc intracellular cAMP
phosphorylation of VO Ca channels
inc inward movement of Ca
inc Ca release from SR
inc actin-myosin crossbridges
inc force of contraction

Cardiology (32 decks)

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