Lecture 9 Flashcards
Health-promoting hospitals
Can affect:
- Staff, patients, visitors and family of patients, people in the neighbourhood
5 spheres of influence for health promoting hospitals
1) Physical and social setting
2) Workplace
3) Provider of service
4) Research
5) Agent of change
1) Physical and social setting
Rooms, lights, noise, mental health and social activities
Ex. tech acute care center at vgh
2) Workplace
Captive audience, staff are well-education/interested in health so the opportunity to provide health resources will be very good!
3) Provider of service
Improve menu: more options
Provide information, counselling, nutrition, yoga classes etc.
Wifi, magazines to reduce boredom
4) Research
Research into relevant issues to improve patient care and knowledge of diseases/health promotion
Ex. healthy heart program (outreach programs)
5) Agent of change
Using hospital to create change around a broader issue
Ex. safe injection sites for drug users
Ex. ER doctor notices many head injuries in young hockey players SO change rules about hitting in hockey
Other settings for health promotion:
jails, schools, community centers
Health promoting schools
Captured audience, they are there to learn anyways, childhood physical education= more likely to be active in the future.
PE is not mandatory in upper years of high school (also more emphasis is put on science courses etc.)
- could argue that PE is more important for going through life
- PE is more about competition and sports as opposed to building a base for active living in the future
- social environment is not always good in high school PE
5 School-based recommendation for PE
1) Include 150 min of PE per week
2) Hire qualified PE teachers (this is not an issue in the lower mainland)
3) Provide teachers w enough resources
4) Give school enough resources
5) Fund research into best practices for the impact of PE
Expanding PA opportunities for youth
Expansion= replacing time allocated for sedentary activities with more active activities
ex. getting more standing and walking time in the classroom as opposed to seated learning
Extending PA opportunities for youth
extension= lengthening time currency allocated for PA
ex. additional PE lessons per week or more time for recess
Enhancing PA opportunities for youth
Enhancement= modifying existing PA opportunities to increase amount of PA
ex. reduce waiting time to swing a baseball bat in PE
Action schools! BC
Provides schools/teachers w training or resources about healthy eating and PA
- Comes from Active people. Active places
Health-promoting workplaces
we NEED to look at what people to at work; they spend way more time at work than in their leisure time!!!
How do we make work healthy?
- Wellness programs
- Mental health programs
- Ergonomic designs
Challenges with health promoting workplaces:
Multicultural (clothing when exercising, cultural norms etc.)
Multigenerational (there are up to 5 generations in the workplace at the same time!) Production
Cost
Measuring impact
Lack of knowledge about implementation of a program
Multiple stakeholders
Benefits of health promoting workplaces
Benefits individuals, society and organizations
Healthy people are more productive, less sick time, improves workplace culture
Helps attraction and retention of employees
Can the physical design of a workplace affect health of employees?
Yes!
Ex. google has a slide in their office between floors!
Ex. more spacious offices (less cubicles), more collaborative
Ex. nap room
Office ergonomics (4 points about 90)
- Aiming for a 90-90-90 posture
- Work surface height to a 90 degree elbow
- 90 degrees in your knees
- 90 degrees in your hips (never less than 90 degrees!!)
office ergonomics– general
It is much healthier to have a higher seat with a bit of a tilt in the seat to allow you to have a lumbar curve! We want to have a lumbar curve! It is not healthy when it fully disappears. An open hip is key!
BUT any posture for a long period of time is problematic
- Adjustable work surfaces/desks
- Organic shapes (not boxy desks etc.)
- Rounded edges
- Non glare surfaces
- No keyboards or mouse holders
- Work surfaces should be angles up slightly
- Back rest to support lumbar curve
Sitting is an independent risk factor for
Increased health risk.
Increased body discomfort.
Should we just stand instead?
No. standing is also a static position= not good!
- Varicose veins, atherosclerosis, LBP?
Ideally, moving between the sitting and standing position!
“activity stations” like walking pad or bike?
Little evidence, poor tracking, only good for low cognitive tasks
Sit and stand recommendations:
Provide flexibility at least 1:1 ratio sit to stand aim for 1:3
Limit sit to stand 15 min to start, increase as accustomed
Build in movement in the day!
Fatigue at work
- Increased accidents, decreased motivation, decreased decision making…
- Increased MVA, increased stress related illnesses, impact on family relationships
Management of fatigue
- Teenagers are meant to go to sleep a bit later and sleep in more (their circadian rhythm), so why does school start at 8:30am???
- Mismatched circadian rhythms promotes fatigue
- Shift workers (night shift etc.)
- Why do we design our workdays like they are??? 2 15min coffee breaks, 30 min lunch??? Fixed breaks! Very random and not evidence base. How and when we break should be designed better
- Napping
- Technology: tracking shift schedule to match with fatigue levels
- Physical activity
Managing stress, workload, and task variety
Flexible scheduling options, not monitoring workers as much, rest breaks, stretch, massage and exercise breaks
Hours of work are
increasing over time
24–25-year-olds put in the longest hours
Traditional workplace PA interventions
Fitness facilities, programs
Education programs
Motivational prompts to be more active (reward system)
Sponsor or promote community events (ex. sun run)
Organize lunchtime walking, running or biking
Incentives (free membership to fitness facilities)
Problems w traditional workplace PA interventions
retention rates are low!! Doesn’t mean these are bad though
Environmental design
- Making stairwell more appealing than elevator
- Inside walking routes
- Walkability (pleasant and safe)
- Secure bike storage
Work design
Walking meetings (getting up as a group and discussing work while walking)
2-3 min fitness breaks throughout day
Flexible scheduling when possible
Encouragement to be more active at their workplace
- Individualized professional counselling
- Team based (ex. give employees pedometers and have a competition)
- Integrated app/web-based programs (measures amount of time sitting at work, powerplay)
How to build PA into workplace? (8)
1) Build a culture of health
2) Develop partnerships and social support
3) Use existing resources first
4) Create a community-wide educational campaign
5) Tailor programming to employee needs/desires
6) Target many factors to maximize success
7) Consider new technology to boost engagement
8) Set realistic goals, monitor progress
Workplace and PA—policy level
Occupational health and safety regulations (worksafe BC)
Standards (ergonomics, psychologically healthy workplaces)
Policy
Health and safety committee
Unions
