Lecture 9 Flashcards
Types of Muscle Fibers
Skeletal (voluntary), Cardiac (involuntary), Smooth (involuntary)
CNS
Central Nervous System. Consists of brain and spinal cord. integrates and evaluates sensory info. generates response
PNS
Peripheral Nervous System. Cranial nerves (originate from brain) spinal nerves (originate from spinal cord.
Afferent Pathway
Incoming (sensory)
Efferent Pathway
Outgoing (motor)
SNS
Somatic Nervous System. Voluntary and conscious, controls skeletal muscles (somatic effectors) (afferent and efferent)
ANS
Autonomic Nervous System. Involuntary, subconsious. controls smooth, cardiac muscle and glans
Afferent pathway= (visceral) sensory division
Efferent= 2 divisions, 1. sympathetic: -threat response, fight-or-flight. 2. parasympathetic: resting states, rest and repair
Glia (neuroglia
cells that help support neurons
Astrocytes
(In CNS) star shapes, largest & most numerous type of glia, transfer nutrients from blood to the neurons, form tight sheaths around brain capillaries (blood-brain barrier)
Microglia (in CNS)
small, stationary, dormant cells. can enlarge, move about, and perform phagocytosis, triggered by tissue degeneration and inflammation.
Ependymal Cells
Resemble epithelial cells in both structure and function. grow in thin sheets that line the fluid-filled cavities. secretory and ciliated.
Oligodendrocytes
form myelin sheath around nerve fibers in the CNS
Schwann Cells (neurolemmocytes)
Form myelin sheath around nerve fibers in the PNS
Myelin
Lipoprotein. Aids in Nervous Transmission.
Unmyelinated fibers
bundles of nerve fibers collectively held together by myelin (AKA Grey matter)
