Chapter 3 Summary Flashcards
Cells
Basic unit of life, microscopic, >100 trillion make up human body, usually specialized to the function, determined by patters of gene expression in a process called cellular differentiation
ICM
inner cell mass
plasma membrance
primary structure of a cell membrane. provides battier (homeostasis,) controls transport
phospholipid layer
double layer of phospholipid molecules (heads out, tails in) hydrophilic, hydrophobic
other components
cholesterol, proteins, channel-transport, enzymatic-metabolism, receptor-communication, marker-identification, anchor-tissue integrity
Cytoplasm
gel like internal substance inside of cell
Nucleus
Nuclear envelope-double phospholipid bilayer,
nuclear pores-openings in the nuclear envelope,
chromatin- genetic material
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A winding phospholipid bilayer of canals, tubes, sacs, and flat membranes
endoplasmic reticulum rough
-Can see ribosomes, looks textures function in protein synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum smooth
no ribosomes, synthesizes certain lipids & ?
Ribosome
Nonmembraneous structures, made of 2 parts, each sub units is
Golgi apparatus
Consists of stacked cisternae (Golgi bodies) cisternae produce vesicles (pinching off) (packaging facility)
Lysosomes
Made of microscopic membrane sacs (pinched off from Golgi apparatus,) contain digestive enzymes, digest defective/old/useless cell parts
Neutrophils
Mitochondria
Composed of a double membrane system. Outer membrane, inner membrane w/cristae matrix. Cell respiration. Produce ATP. “Power plants” of cells.
Microvilli
Microvilli textures cells, extension of the membrane and cytoplasm of the cell. Back and forth, more than one.
