Exam 3-Articulations Flashcards
Articulation
Point of contact between bones
Aka: Joint
Synarthroses
Fibrous, immovable
Ex. Coronal structure
Amphiarthroses
Cartilagenous, slightly movable
Ex. Cartilage in rib cage
Diarthroses
Synovial, freely movable.
Ex.
SYNARTHROSES
Syndemoses, Sutures, Gomphoses
Syndemoses
Ligaments tightly connect two bones (Radius, ulna in forearm)
Sutures
Projections interlock with each other (skull)
Gomphoses
Root embedded in a bony ridge (teeth in mandible)
AMPHIARTHROSES
Synchondroses, Symphyses
Synchondroses
Hyaline cartilage between articulating bones. (costal cartilage in rib cage.)
Symphyses
Pad of fibrocartilage between articulating bones
pubic symphysis, vertebral disks
DIARTHROSES
Uniaxial Joints, Biaxial, multiaxial
Uniaxial Joints
Permits movement around one axis. Hinge (back and forth, elbow and knee) Pivot. (projection of one bone articulates with a ring or notch of another, C1 or C2, atlas or axis)
Biaxial Joints
Permits movement around two axis. Saddle, condyloid
Saddle
resemble reciprocally shaped miniature saddles. only ex: carpometa carpal joint of thumb
Condyloid
A condyle fits into an elliptical socket
Ex: occipital condyles with the atlas, radius with the carpals
Multiaxial Joints
Permits movement around three axes.. ball and socket, gliding
Ball & socket
Shoulder, hip
Gliding
Relatively flat articulating surfaces that allow limited movements
Ex: between carpals, vertebrae
Structures of a synovial joint
Joint Capsule, Synovial Membrane, Articular Cartilage, Joint Cavity
Joint Capsule
Sleevelike Casing- extension of the periosteum
binds bones together
Synovial Membrane
lines the joint capsule, secretes synovial fluid
Articular Cartilage
Hyaline Cartilage
Covers the articular surface
Joint Cavity
Small space between articulating surfaces
