Lecture 8 - Plant Diversity and Function 2 Flashcards
Cotyledons
embryonic leaves that form in seeds
Monocots
- One cotyledon
- Veins usually parallel
- Vascular bundles in complex arrangement
- Floral parts in multiples of three
- Fibrous Root System
Dicots
- Two cotyledons
- Veins usually branched
- Vascular bundles arranged in ring
- Floral parts in multiples of four or five
- Taproot usually present
Taproots
Store carbohydrates
Petiole
Joins blade to the stem of the node
Stems
Organ that has the leaves and buds on it
Buds
Undeveloped stems
Organ of a plant
- Roots
- Leaf
- Shoots
Primary Growth
Process by which plants lengthen
Meristems
unspecialized tissues that divide when conditions are right
Apical Meristems
meristems at the tips of roots
Terminal bud
Secondary Growth
Increase in the thickness of stems and roots
Lateral Meristems
Divided into two tissues
Vascular Cambium
thin cylinder of meristem that wraps around the stem or root
Cork Cambium
Males Cork, dead, thick waxy, cells that protect underlying tissue
Transpiration
The process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems, and flowers
Photosynthesis
The process by which plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water
Takes in CO2 and water and releases O2 and Glucose
C3
Takes CO2 directly from the air
* Too much O2 bad
* Less efficient in hot and dry climates
C4
Converts CO2 into C4 and then sequester into deeper tissue
Requires energy
CAM
Takes in CO2 at night, stores it and photosynthesis during day
Require energy
Epiphytes
Grow on other plants in order to avoid some herbivores
