Lecture 10 - Animal Diversity and Function 2 Flashcards
Chordates
- Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
- Notochord
- Phalangeal Slits
- Post-anal tail
1. central nervous system
2. cartilage rod - disk of backbone
3. Gills o
Primitive Vertebrates
- Rudimentary Vertebrae
- Notochord
- No hinged jaws or paired fins
Hagfish and Lampreys
Jawed Vertebrates
Vertebrates with fins and jaws
Sharks, Rays, Lobe-finned fish
Filter Feeders
Feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filter structure
Lung or Lung Derivatives
Vertebrae with Bones, Operculum, and Swim Bladder
Ray-finned fish
Operculum
Protective flap that covers the gills and allows fish to breathe without swimming
Swim bladder
Modified lung that keeps fish buoyant
Lobed fins
Vertebrae with Bones, Operculum, Swim Bladder, and Lobed fins
Bones and muscles in fins for “walking”
Legs
Adaptation for vertebrate
Amphibians
Amniotic Eggs
Eggs created from amniotes that are terrestially adapted
Ectothermic
Absorb external heat rather than generating their own heat
except birds
Amnion
fluid filled sac surrounding embryo
Yolk sac
contain nutrients
Chorion and Allantois
enable the embryo to get oxygen
Endothermic
Use heat generated by metabolism to maintain a warm, steady body temperature
Evolved from theropods
Mammals
Endothermic amniotes
* Hair that insulates their bodies
* Mammary glands than produce milk
Monotremes
Egg laying mammals
Platypus
Marsupials
Brief gestation and give birth to offspring that complete development in pouch
Koalas and Kangaroos
Eutherians
Bear fully developed young with placenta
Giraffes, Zebras, Humans
Arboral mammals
tree-living
primates
Hominins
Human ancestors
Neanderthals
Brain larger than ours and hunted large game with tools
400,00 to 40,000 Years old
Homo sapiens
Lived in Africa and Mitochondrial DNA
160,000 to 195,000 years old
