Lecture 10 - Animal Diversity and Function 2

Question 1

Chordates

Answer 1

1. Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
2. Notochord
3. Phalangeal Slits
4. Post-anal tail

1. central nervous system
2. cartilage rod - disk of backbone
3. Gills o

Question 2

Primitive Vertebrates

Answer 2

• Rudimentary Vertebrae
• Notochord
• No hinged jaws or paired fins

Hagfish and Lampreys

Question 3

Jawed Vertebrates

Answer 3

Vertebrates with fins and jaws

Sharks, Rays, Lobe-finned fish

Question 4

Filter Feeders

Answer 4

Feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filter structure

Question 5

Lung or Lung Derivatives

Answer 5

Vertebrae with Bones, Operculum, and Swim Bladder

Ray-finned fish

Question 6

Operculum

Answer 6

Protective flap that covers the gills and allows fish to breathe without swimming

Question 7

Swim bladder

Answer 7

Modified lung that keeps fish buoyant

Question 8

Lobed fins

Answer 8

Vertebrae with Bones, Operculum, Swim Bladder, and Lobed fins

Bones and muscles in fins for “walking”

Question 9

Legs

Answer 9

Adaptation for vertebrate

Amphibians

Question 10

Amniotic Eggs

Answer 10

Eggs created from amniotes that are terrestially adapted

Question 11

Ectothermic

Answer 11

Absorb external heat rather than generating their own heat

except birds

Question 12

Amnion

Answer 12

fluid filled sac surrounding embryo

Question 13

Yolk sac

Answer 13

contain nutrients

Question 14

Chorion and Allantois

Answer 14

enable the embryo to get oxygen

Question 15

Endothermic

Answer 15

Use heat generated by metabolism to maintain a warm, steady body temperature

Evolved from theropods

Question 16

Mammals

Answer 16

Endothermic amniotes

* Hair that insulates their bodies
* Mammary glands than produce milk

Question 17

Monotremes

Answer 17

Egg laying mammals

Platypus

Question 18

Marsupials

Answer 18

Brief gestation and give birth to offspring that complete development in pouch

Koalas and Kangaroos

Question 19

Eutherians

Answer 19

Bear fully developed young with placenta

Giraffes, Zebras, Humans

Question 20

Arboral mammals

Answer 20

tree-living

primates

Question 21

Hominins

Answer 21

Human ancestors

Question 22

Neanderthals

Answer 22

Brain larger than ours and hunted large game with tools

400,00 to 40,000 Years old

Question 23

Homo sapiens

Answer 23

Lived in Africa and Mitochondrial DNA

160,000 to 195,000 years old