LECTURE 8 head and neck (triangles, thyroid gland, hyoid bone)

Question 1

description of thyroid gland

Answer 1

butterfly shape, single gland but two lateral lobes connected by isthmus, endocrine gland

Question 2

location of thyroid gland

Answer 2

in neck, anterior to trachea, just inferior to larynx

Question 3

thyroid gland secretes:

Answer 3

thyroid hormone (increases metabolic rate), calcitonin (depresses excess levels of calcium in blood/slows osteoclasts)

Question 4

blood supply of thyroid gland

Answer 4

superior and inferior thyroid arteries

Question 5

description of parathyroid gland

Answer 5

located on posterior surface of the lateral lobes of thyroid gland, two pairs, endocrine gland

Question 6

parathyroid gland secretes:

Answer 6

parathyroid hormone (increases blood calcium levels/speeds up osteoclasts)

Question 7

description of hyoid bone

Answer 7

associated with skull, only bone in human body that does not articulate directly to another bone, very mobile

Question 8

components of hyoid bone

Answer 8

body, 1 pair of greater horns, 1 pair of lesser horns

Question 9

location of hyoid bone

Answer 9

anterior neck, inferoposterior to mandible

Question 10

functions of hyoid bone

Answer 10

moveable base for tongue, attachment/structural rigidity for larynx, attachment for neck muscles (sternohyoid, thyrohyoid)

Question 11

triangles of the neck

Answer 11

anterior triangle and posterior triangle (separated by sternocleidomastoid muscle)

Question 12

anterior boundary of posterior triangle of neck

Answer 12

sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 13

posterior boundary of posterior triangle of neck

Answer 13

trapezius

Question 14

inferior boundary of posterior triangle of neck

Answer 14

clavicle

Question 15

contents of posterior triangle of neck

Answer 15

accessory nerve, phrenic nerve, brachial plexus, subclavian artery, external jugular vein

Question 16

anterior boundary of anterior triangle of neck

Answer 16

midline

Question 17

posterior boundary of anterior triangle of neck

Answer 17

sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 18

superior boundary of anterior triangle of neck

Answer 18

inferior margin of the mandible

Question 19

contents of anterior triangle of neck

Answer 19

submandibular gland, suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles, common carotid artery, internal and external jugular veins, accessory nerve