LECTURE 7 skull Flashcards
is skull part of axial or appendicular skeleton?
axial skeleton
two types of bones in skull
cranial bones, facial bones
description of cranial bones of skull
cranium, enclose and protect brain, sutures so they help protect brain because they’re synarthroses, helps form cavities of skull, attachment for head and neck muscles (skeletal),
description of facial bones of skull
framework of face, don’t surround the brain, form cavities for sense organs, opening for air and food passage, hold teeth, anchor face muscles (skeletal)
how many cranial bones are there in the skull?
8
how many facial bones are there in the skull?
14
cranial bones of the skull
frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, parietal (2), temporal (2)
facial bones of the skull
mandible, maxillae (2), zygomatic (2), nasal (2), lacrimal (2), palatine (2), vomer, inferior nasial conchae (2)
types of bones of the skull
flat bones, sutures, calvaria, floor
description of flat bones of the skull
thin, flattened, some curve, spongy in the center surrounded by compact bone
description of sutures of the skull
synarthrotic fibrous joint
description of calvaria of the skull
skullcap; superior, lateral, posterior part of the skull
description of floor of the skull
base, inferior part of the skull
how many openings in the skull?
85
what travels through the openings in the skull?
spinal cord, blood vessels, nerves
examples of types of openings in the skull
foramina, meatus, canal, fissure, notch
description of cranial fossae of the skull
created by bony ridges of cranial bones, supports and encircles the brain
3 cranial fossae of the skull
anterior, middle, posterior
description of orbits of the skull
contain eyes and associated structures; each made of 7 bones; “My Eyes Feel Like Pulling Some Zs”
description of nasal cavity of the skull
contains olfactory receptors; made of 6 different bones; “Max’s Nose Is Very Easily Picked”
description of middle ear of the skull
each contains 3 ear ossicles, formed within petrous region of temporal bone
description of inner ear of the skull
each contains sensory receptors for hearing and equilibrium, within petrous region of temporal bone
when does skull ossify?
late in 2nd month of development
what two bones start as two halves then fuse together to form single bones postnatally?
frontal bone, mandible
description of the growth of the skull
1/2 adult size by age 9 months, 3/4 adult size by age 2, 100% adult size by age 8-9, face enlarges between ages 6-13 (because of the development of adult teeth)
description of fontanels
unossified membranes between bones on fetal skull, mostly replaced with bone after first year, always located where sutures will eventually be, makes infants vulnerable
functions of fontanels
allow compression of skull during delivery of child, allows rapid growth of brain
fontanels (6)
anterior (largest), posterior, 2 sphenoid, 2 mastoid
how many bones in the skull?
22
3 ear ossicles
malleus, incus, stapes
mnemonic devise for remembering bones of the orbit
My Eyes Feel Like Pulling Some Zzs
bones of the orbit
maxilla, ethmoid, frontal, lacrimal, palatine, sphenoid, zygomatic
mnemonic devise for remembering bones of the nasal cavity
Max’s Nose Is Very Easily Picked
bones of the nasal cavity
maxilla, nasal, inferior nasal conchae, vomer, ethmoid, palatine
