Lecture 8 - Cells at Work

Question 1

The fluidity of membranes is determined by:

Answer 1

Phospholipid movement
Saturated vs unsaturated hydrocarbons
Cholesterol presence

Question 2

What is the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane made of?

Answer 2

Glycoproteins (outside), glycolipids, Integrins, phospholipids, cholesterol, microfilaments of cytoskeleton

Question 3

Types of plasma membrane proteins:

Answer 3

Support
cell-cell recognition
Junctions
Enzymes
messenger
transport

Question 4

Passive transport

Answer 4

No energy cost to cell
from a more concentrated compartment to a less concentrated

Question 5

Active transport

Answer 5

Requires energy from cell
from less concentrated compartment to a more concentrated

Question 6

Types of Passive Transports:

Answer 6

Simple Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion

Question 7

Simple diffusion

Answer 7

Tendency of molecules to spread out evenly
high concentration to low concentration

Question 8

Concentration gradient

Answer 8

Substance is more concentrated in one area than it is in another area

Question 9

going from high to low concentration gradient would be:

Answer 9

Passive Transport
Down concentration gradient or
with concentration gradient

Question 10

going from low to high concentration gradient would be:

Answer 10

Active Transport
Up concentration gradient or
against concentration gradient

Question 11

Osmosis

Answer 11

Diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 12

Formula for osmolarity:

Answer 12

Total moles of solute / Volume of solvent

Question 13

Tonicity

Answer 13

Ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water by osmosis

Question 14

Isotonic solution

Answer 14

Same solute and water concentration

Question 15

Hypotonic solution

Answer 15

Low solute - high water concentration

Question 16

Hypertonic solution

Answer 16

High solute - low water concentration

Question 17

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 17

Transport proteins
No atp required

Question 18

Active Transport Steps

Answer 18

Solute binding
Phosphorylation
Transport
Protein reversion

Question 19

Transporting Large molecules happens by these two methods:

Answer 19

Exocytosis
Endocytosis

Question 20

Exocytosis:

Answer 20

Out of the cell

Question 21

Endocytosis:

Answer 21

Into the cell

Question 22

Types of Endocytosis:

Answer 22

Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Question 23

Long distance signaling happens by the use of:

Answer 23

hormones

Question 24

Three main types of membrane receptors:

Answer 24

Ion channel Receptors
G protein-coupled receptors
receptro tyrosine kinases