Energy and Enzymes

Question 1

What is Energy?

Answer 1

The capacity to perform work, to move stuff

Question 2

What is Kinetic Energy?

Answer 2

The energy of motion

Question 3

What is Potential Energy?

Answer 3

Stored energy

Question 4

Forms of Kinetic Energies

Answer 4

Mechanical
Electrical
Thermal
Radiant
Sound

Question 5

Forms of Potential Energies

Answer 5

Chemical
Nuclear
Gravitational
Elastic

Question 6

Energy (can / cannot) be converted from one form into another.

Answer 6

Can

Question 7

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 7

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Question 8

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 8

Entropy increases during energy conversions.

Question 9

Entropy

Answer 9

Measure of randomness

Question 10

Two types of Chemical Reactions:

Answer 10

Exergonic Reactions
Endergonic Reactions

Question 11

Exergonic reactions _____ energy

Answer 11

Release

Question 12

Endergonic reactions _____ energy

Answer 12

Require

Question 13

Is cellular respiration exergonic or endergonic?

Answer 13

Exergonic
Glucose is burned, releasing energy

Question 14

During Exergonic reactions, energy of products is _____ than energy of reactants

Answer 14

Less

Question 15

During Endergonic reactions, energy of products is ______ than energy of reactants

Answer 15

More

Question 16

Is Synthesis of Biomolecules exergonic or endergonic?

Answer 16

Endergonic Reaction

Question 17

How do cells couple exergonic and endergonic reactions?

Answer 17

Exergonic reaction releases energy, which is then used to run endergonic reaction

Question 18

ATP

Answer 18

Energy currency of cell

Question 19

What are ATPs made of?

Answer 19

Adenosine, Triphosphate

Question 20

During an exergonic reaction, what are the products and reactants?

Answer 20

Reactant: ATP
Products: ADP + Pi + Energy

Question 21

During an endergonic reaction, what are the products and reactants?

Answer 21

Reactants: ADP + Pi + Energy
Products: ATP

Question 22

Phosphorylation

Answer 22

Phosphate added to molecule

Question 23

What is the main source of cellular respiration?

Answer 23

ATP

Question 24

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 24

Process by which cells produce energy from glucose.

Question 25

What are the products and reactants of cellular respiration?

Answer 25

Reactants: Glucose + O2
Products: CO2 + H2O

Question 26

What are the two locations cellular respiration takes place at?

Answer 26

Cytoplasm
Mitochondria

Question 27

Enzymes _________ chemical reactions

Answer 27

Speed up

Question 28

Energy of Activation

Answer 28

Amount of energy needed to get a chemical reaction going

Question 29

High energy of activations means ______ reaction

Answer 29

Slow

Question 30

Low energy of activations means ______ reaction

Answer 30

Fast

Question 31

Enzymes (Lower or increase) energy of activation

Answer 31

Lower

Question 32

Enzymes are made of 3 structures:

Answer 32

Globular protein
Active site
Regulatory Sites

Question 33

List the 4 steps that make up enzyme reactions:

Answer 33

Substrate binds to active site
Induced fit
Reaction takes place
Products Released

Question 34

How does temperature effect enzyme activity?

Answer 34

Hotter > Faster

Question 35

What is a denatured enzyme?

Answer 35

Enzyme that lost is normal 3-d structure

Question 36

Enzyme denatures if pH changes too (little / much)

Answer 36

Too much