Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

FN 3361 > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a policy?

A

The course of action chosen by public authorities to address a given problem
-policies are created when there is a gap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 forms of policies that can occur?

A

Reactive: Emerge in response to a concern or crisis that must be addressed

Proactive: introduced and pursued through deliberate choice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who are the stakeholders?

A

People involved in the situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is reframing?

A

Taking an argument and being able to look at it in different ways and adjust to your audience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are unintended consequences?

A

Side effects of your policy, can’t predict them all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is financial analysis?

A

Whether or not we have an impact for the money used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the first step in developing a healthy public policy?

A

Describe the problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does it mean to describe the problem?

A

Understand the program

  • causes
  • impact
  • possible solutions

teach for info to find answers
-types and sources of data

Create SMART objectives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the second step in developing a healthy public policy?

A

Assess readiness

  • are people going to be ready for a policy?
  • is the public supportive?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does it mean to assess readiness?

A

Community
-who is supportive/what is public opinion/why might people be opposed?

Organizational
-Does the policy fit with mandate/how much time and resources do you have

If -ve public opinion or inadequate resources-> failure and decrease credibility
-you are already going to fail before you start to put your credibility on the line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the third step in developing a healthy public policy?

A

Goals, Objectives and Policy Options

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does it mean to look at goals, objectives and policy?

A

Develop 1-2 goals
Develop Smart Objectives
Generate a list of policy options
-shows you are flexible and willing to negotiate
-prepares you to explain ones you won’t support
Assess all options
-create shortlist
-Present these options to decision makers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the fourth step in developing a healthy public policy?

A

identify decision makers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does it mean to identify decision makers?

A

Chose the rich people at the right time
Consider starting lower on hierarchy
Target sympathetic and supportive individuals
Find out how they make decisions
Organize list of influential individuals in the order they should be approached s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the fifth step in developing a healthy public policy?

A

Building support for the policy?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you build supporters for the policy?

A 
Choose mix of approaches
-quiet negotiation, letter writing
Focus messages on:
-links between policy and compelling issue
-simple descriptions of solution
-signs that change is warranted
Prepare counter arguments
Developing coalition is a key part of this step
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the sixth step in developing a healthy public policy?

A

Drafting and or revising the policy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how do you draft&/or revise a policy?

A

Precise working is essential

  • purpose of policy (goals&objectives)
  • Description of the regulations
  • Procedures for non compliance
  • Plan to promote and disseminate policy
  • Plan for monitoring
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the seventh step in developing a healthy public policy?

A

Ensure:

  • Policy meets stated goals and objectives
  • Objectives are measurable
  • Stakeholder approval has been obtained
  • Accurate estimate of resources needed
  • timeline is realistic and appropriate
  • policy specifies who its responsible for what

Clear communication, enforcement plan and signage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the eighth step to developing a healthy public plan?

A

evaluate and monitor

21
Q

What does it mean to evaluate and monitor?

A

Sample evaluation questions
-Is thee situation better? if not why not?
Collect quantitative and qualitative data through the policy cycle

Use indicators to measure
-behaviour, health status, #of violations, media coverage resources allocated
Determined how to communicate findings

22
Q

What are the sources of sugar intake?

A 
Milk
Fruit
Fruit juice
Confectionary
Fruit drink
Sugars
Other sugars
Cereals, grains pasta
Soft Drink
Vegetables
23
Q

What do the top 10 sources of sugar contribute to?

A

85% of total sugar intake

24
Q

How much sugar are we recommended to have by WHO?

A

21% of our diet is total sugar but who recommends no more than 10% of free sugar

25
How much sugar do soft drinks contribute to our diet?
4% out of the 21%
26
If we went according to WHO what foods would we have to remove from the top 10?
Milk | Fruit
27
Where did increased sugar consumption begin?
As sugar consumption increased before 1990s we saw an increase in obesity rates -but there is a lot of things that have contributed to obesity, not just sugar intake
28
Is it the sugar or Sugar sweetened beverages that's the issue?
The the sugar necessarily that's in the beverages case there are cereals that are good for you but contain sugar -with SSB you can consume a lot of calories in a short period of time
29
How strong is the evidence in correlation between SSB and obesity?
The association is starting to diverge, from obesity | -do we want government to spend time on this or on other important things that are more pressing
30
How strong is the evidence for SSB and obesity?
Its third on the list behind processed meats and fried foods that do the most harm
31
Globally what does SSB rank as a factor for mortality and burden of disease?
32nd globally and 19th in North America | -There are 18 others that are above that, so why see we looking at SSB?
32
What did SSB fall behind?
Physical inactivity Diets low in fruits Diets low in Whole grains Diets high in Na
33
What has SSB taxation led to?
To a decrees ein consumption | -NYC saw 30% reduction in consumption but BMI was unaltered
34
What did the tax on SSB in Mexico result?
Increased costs of SSB by 10% Led to a 12-17% reduction in general and lower income households respectively -but beer consumption increased 4% increase in non-sweetened beverages, mainly water No BMI effects-longer term data is needed No data on kolas
35
What are other successful strategies for taxation?
Frame of the argument - Public health vs revenue generation - distribution of funds Pro-tax advocacy -funding to impose anti-tax movement Liberal dominated districts -doesn't work in conservative cause they hate tax and love free market
36
What is taxation?
Regressive -poorp people could be targeted more than the middle class, solution to have the money generated from this can go back to support those families
37
If SSB is taxed, what will people do?
Find a way to get it somewhere else
38
What is an unintended consequence?
- Side effect of what you actually intended on - the next fat phenomenon (when you take fat out of food you replace with sugar and salt - Only focusing on a sings nutrient (losing sight of whole diet) - Substitution effect - Low sugar product respond by industry - funds raised by taxation would not be redistributed to education or support of healthier options
39
What did the university of Saskatchewan find out about student food insecurity?
39.5% reported some degree of FI (3x the national average) High rates among: - international students - Students who are parents FI disportionately affecting some students more than others
40
What is the number one source of income for students?
Government student loans | -assistance is not enough and related to food security
41
What are some strategies students use to cope with FI?
``` Get food from friends/relatives Go to campus events for food Decrease size of meals Eat unbalanced melas Fast Steal food Share with roommates Repress hunger with fluid Obtain food from garbage ```
42
How do students manage their income?
``` Buy food on credit Get a job/ Increase hours of employment Budget money/delay bill payment Delay purchase or don't buy textbooks Decrease personal expenditure Apply for government support/loans/bursaries Sell possessions Avoid buying meds ```
43
What are some social and community supports?
Borrow money/food from friends/family Use food banks Live with parents/others
44
What are the barriers to using campus food banks?
Social Stigma Lack of information Self identity (don't think they area poor enough) Hours of operation inconvenient
45
What are psychosocial and academic consequences of FI?
High levels of stress and depressed mood Fear of disappointing family/parents Jealously/resentment towards students in more stable situations Inabiity to develop meaningful social relationship Don't go out with friends
46
How does FI impact children?
Parents protect children from FI - buy store food for kids and food bank for themselves - forfeit food so child can eat - let children choose first FI has -ve effects on children wellbeing -anxiety, cheaper formula, less nutritious food Inappropriate food in food bank hampers -quality/quantity/not respectful of cultural or religious preferences
47
What are suggestions to combat FI?
- Mental health clinics screen for FI - Increased access to affordable childcare/housing - Increased availability of student financial support
48
What are the 4 categories that can help solve the bigger problem of FI?
Intrapersonal -food/financial literacy; vouchers for meals Interpersonal -peer to peer mentoring, donations, apps that connect students in need with students with excess Organizational -Campus food banks, employment opportunity Policy/System -Change eligibility for social assistance, enact laws to increase access to healthy foods, increase financial aid to students
49
What is the effect of policy on FI?
Student Choice Initiative -New Ontario government policy to allow students to opt out Some of the effects: - students have more control over their money - significant decrease in fees collected to support non mandatory services - difficult to makes long term/strategic plans as opt in numbers can change every semester

FN 3361 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions