Lecture 8 Flashcards
What is varus knees
Bow legs
What is valgus knees
Knocked knees
Distal femur structure
2 rounded condyles that flatten distally but rounded posteriorly
2 smaller epicondyles for collateral ligaments attachment
Intercondylar fossa attachment for cruciate ligament
Describe proximal fibula
Enlarged head
Triangular cross section
Describe proximal tibia
Flattened, large condyles
Separated by intercondylar or tibial spines that run ap
Flattened depression on posterolateral condyle
Tibial tuberosity
Menisci structure
C shape fibrocartilage ring on tibial condyles
Attach ap on tibial spines
Increase SA of tibia so better congruence with femur
What is popliteal fossa
Neurovascular structures pass through
Form by space between posterior knee muscles
Collateral medial ligament vs lateral
Medial is flat and broad
Lateral is rope like, separated from capsule by bursa
Prevents medial or lateral movements
Patella ligament
Attach apex of patella to tibial tuberosity
Hoffa fat pad and superficial and deep bursa cover it to prevent friction
Cruciate ligaments
Prevents tibia moving
ACL - anterior movement prevented, connect lateral femoral condyle to anterior tibial spine
PCL - posterior move prevented, medial femoral condyle to posterior tibial spine
Synovial membrane or capsule
Make infra articular region
Attaches to tibial and femoral articular surface and menisci
Passes anterior to cruciate ligament
Fibrous joint capsule
Enclose support and strengthen
Lateral structures more mobile
Connect medial and lateral patella
