Lecture 5 Flashcards
Scapula ossification centres
Primary = body
Secondary = subcoracoid region
Coracoid (2 centres
Acromion (2 centres)
Inferior angle
Medial border
Glenoid cavity
Describe scapula
Flat bone
Costal surface - subscapular fossa
Dorsal surface - spine, supraspinous, infraspinous fossa, acromion process
Scapula borders and angles
Borders - superior, suprascapular notch, medial, lateral
Angles - superior, inferior, lateral
Lateral aspect of scapula
Head - glenoid cavity
Neck - Coracoid + acromion process
Describe clavicle
Long bone
Sternal end
Shaft - feature, conoid tubercle, trapezoid line
Acromial end
Clavicle ossification centres
Primary = shaft
Secondary = sternal end
Where are clavicle fracture more common
Common in middle
Rarely distal
Dislocation definition
Articulating bone no longer in anatomical position
Ligament injury
Obvious deformity
Find out direction
How to spot posterior shoulder dislocation
Lightbulb sign
Proximal end of humerus
Head
Anatomical neck
Greater and lesser tuberosity
Bicipital groove
Surgical neck
Shaft of humerus
Deltoid tuberosity
Anterior, medial, lateral borders
Spiral groove
Posterior, anterolateral, anteromedial surfaces
Distal end of humerus
Capitulum
Trochlea
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Coronoid fossa
Radial fossa
Olecranon fossa
Ulnar groove
Humerus ossification centres
Primary = shaft
Secondary = proximal end
Head, greater + lesser tuberosity
Distal end
Capitulum, medial + lateral epicondyle, Trochlea
Elbow systematic approach
- Figure 8 - checks alignment
- Fat pads - posterior always bad, anterior can be, check for sail sign
- Alignment - anterior humeral line, intersect 1/3 capitellum
Radiocapitellar line - intersect middle of capitellum - Bones - look for fractures
- Ossification centres - identify age in kids
Elbow fractures
Mech - fall on hyperextended elbow
Supracondylar fracture
Lateral humeral condyle fracture
Dislocation of medial epicondyle
Monteggia
