Lecture 4 Flashcards
Bone age test
1DP left hand and wrist
FFD 110cm
Wrist straight
Compare with standardised image
What affects bone development
Genetic disorder
Nutritional deficiencies
Hormone imbalances
Chronic illness
Malabsorption
Medications
Connective tissue disorder
Paediatric hand growth
Capitate, hamate - 1-2yr
Triquetrum - 2-4yr
Lunate - 3-5yr
Trapezium, trapezoid, scaphoid - 4-6 yr
Distal ulna - 5-6yr
Pisiform - 8-12yr
Metacarpals and phalanges - early childhood
Boxers fracture
4th or 5th metacarpal
Punch with closed fist
Colles fracture
Distal radius with dorsal displacement
FOOSH
Common with low bone strength or density
Monteggia fracture
Proximal ulna with dislocating radial head
4-10yr
FOOSH
Needs treatment
Galleazzi fracture
Middle and distal 1-3 radius, dislocate distal radioulnar joint
9-13yr
FOOSH
Needs treatment
Describe phalanges
Long bone
Shaft
2 extremities - head is distal and base is proximal
Describe metacarpals
Long bone
Head, shaft, base
Describe carpals
Short bone
Proximal and distal row
Describe radius
Long bone
Proximal end - head neck, tuberosity
Shaft - borders: medial interosseous, posterior, anterior
Distal end - styloid process, ulnar notch, 5 surfaces
Describe ulna
Proximal end - olecranon, coronoid process, troclear, radial notch
Shaft - borders: anterior, posterior, lateral interosseous
Distal end - head, styloid process
Radius and ulna ossification centres
Primary - shaft
Secondary - head, lower end (R)
Olecranon process, lower end (U)
Hand standard projections
DP
Oblique
Lateral
Wrist standard projections
Pa
Lateral
Forearm Standard projections
AP lateral
Elbow standard projections
Ap lateral
Humerus standard projections
AP lateral
Shoulder standard projections
Ap
Appropriate - lateral, y scap, axial, modified
