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Block 1: Histology > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal Muscle has?

A

-Striated Pattern and Voluntary Movement
-3 Layers of CT

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2
Q

Skeletal Muscle consists of 3 layers of CT?

A

-Epimysium
-Perimysium
-Endomysium

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3
Q

Epimysium?

A

(dense irregular) Surrounds entire muscle

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4
Q

Perimysium?

A

(dense irregular) Surrounds fasicle

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5
Q

Endomysium?

A

(reticular) Surrounds individual fibers

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6
Q

Muscle fibers are made up of?

A

Myofibrils (myofibrils are arranged in a parallel pattern that gives striations)

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7
Q

Muscle Fibers consists of triads?

A

2 SR + 1 T-tubule (located at junction where A-Band meets I-Band) (SR stores calcium) (T-tubules initiate calcium release from SR into sarcomere)

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8
Q

New muscle fibers are formed by?

A

Satellite Cells (satellite cells are only found in skeletal muscle)

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9
Q

Red Muscle Fibers?

A

(Marathon)
-Rich vascular supply
-Slow and repetitive
-Not easily fatigued
-Weaker contraction
-Lot of Mitochondria so more ATP so more energy

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10
Q

White Muscle Fibers?

A

(Sprint)
-Poorer vascular supply
-Fast
-Easily fatigued
-Stronger contraction
-Not a lot of Mitochondria so less ATP so less energy

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11
Q

Skeletal Muscle - Sarcomeres?

A

Structural units of myofibrils

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12
Q

Sarcomere Composition?

A

Actin (thin) + Myosin (thick)

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13
Q

Function of Sarcomere?

A

Contraction of Skeletal Muscle

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14
Q

A-Band?

A

Actin + Myosin; reminds same length during contraction

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15
Q

H-Band?

A

Only Myosin; shortens in length during contraction

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16
Q

I-Band?

A

Only Actin; shortens in length during contraction

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17
Q

I-Band?

A

Only Actin; shortens in length during contraction

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18
Q

Z-Disk?

A

Located on both sides of sarcomere to serve as boundaries

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19
Q

Without ATP, skeletal muscle CANNOT?

A

Relax so it will stay contracted

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20
Q

Skeletal Muscle -Contraction?

A

(An ATP-dependent process)
-Rigor Mortis
-Myasthenia Gravis
-Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy (MD)

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21
Q

Rigor Mortis?

A

Continued contraction of muscle due to lack of ATP

22
Q

Myasthenia Gravis?

A

Antibodies target ACh receptor which prevents contraction

23
Q

Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy (MD)?

A

Dysfunctional Dystrophin Protein

24
Q

Neuromuscular Junction secretes?

A

ACh to stimulate T-tubules to release calcium from SR

25
Q

Neuromuscular Junction secretes?

A

ACh to stimulate T-tubules to release calcium from SR

26
Q

Titin?

A

Anchor thick to Z

27
Q

Tropomyosin and Troponin form?

A

Complex

28
Q

G-actin forms?

A

f-actin

29
Q

Extrafusal Fiber?

A

Skeletal Muscle Fiber

30
Q

Intrafusal Fiber?

A

Actual Reception (help to tell if extramural is contracting or relaxing)

31
Q

Cardiac Muscle has?

A

Striated pattern and involuntary movement

32
Q

Muscle cells consist of?

A

Diads (1 SR + 1 T-tubule) (located at z-disk) (lesser amount of SR so calcium is stored extracellularly) (T-tubules initiate calcium release from SR into sarcomere)

33
Q

Intercalated disks located?

A

Between cardiac muscle cells (composed of junctions (fascia adherent, desmosomes, gap junctions))

34
Q

Desmosomes bind?

A

Intermediate Filaments

35
Q

Fascia Adherent binds?

A

Actin

36
Q

Cardiac Muscle contains?

A

Endomysium (reticular CT surrounding muscle)

37
Q

Heart consists of 4 layers of tissue?

A

-Endocardium
-Myocardium
-Epicardium
-Pericardium

38
Q

Endocardium?

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium lining Heart

39
Q

Myocardium?

A

Cardiac Muscle

40
Q

Epicardium?

A

Specialized CT (adipose)

41
Q

Pericardium?

A

Dense CT + Simple Squamous Epithelium

42
Q

Pericardium?

A

Dense CT + Simple Squamous Epithelium

43
Q

Smooth Muscle has?

A

Non-Striated patten and involuntary movement

44
Q

Non-striated means it has?

A

NO Sarcomeres

45
Q

Muscle Cells consists of?

A

Dense bodies + caveola

46
Q

Smooth Muscle Cells can regenerate without?

A

Satellite Cells

47
Q

There are 3 layers of smooth muscle?

A

-Muscularis mucosa
-Muscularis externa (outer longitudinal layer) (inner circular layer)

48
Q

Dense bodies contain?

A

Alpha-actinin which functions as z-disk (alpha-actin = protein that binds actin)

49
Q

Caveola brings in calcium via?

A

Pinocytosis to initiate contraction (calcium is store extracellularly)

50
Q

Smooth and Cardiac Muscle store?

A

Extracellularly

51
Q

Skeletal Muscle stores?

A

Intracellularly

Block 1: Histology (9 decks)

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