Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 2: Histology > Lecture 7 (Revised) (Hematopoiesis & Bone Marrow) > Flashcards

Lecture 7 (Revised) (Hematopoiesis & Bone Marrow) Flashcards

1
Q

Bone Marrow is a?

A

Primary Lymphoid Organ
(B-Cells produced and mature in bone marrow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bone Marrow is site for?

A

Developing Blood Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of Bone Marrow?

A

-Red
-Yellow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Red Marrow?

A

Developing blood cells
-Stroma
-Hemopoietic cords
-Sinusoidal capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Yellow Marrow?

A

Fat cells (adipocytes)
-Considered inactive (no hematopoiesis occurs here)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Newborns (babies)?

A

All Red Marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Adults?

A

Mostly yellow marrow + some red marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bone Marrow Aspiration?

A

Needle is inserted directly into hip bone, syringe collects bone marrow and smear onto slide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bone Marrow Biopsy?

A

Biopsy needle uses a corkscrew motion to cut out an intact piece of bone marrow from bone and sample used for cancer screenings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aplastic Anemia?

A

Hypocellular Bone Marrow
(bone marrow mostly adipose tissue)
(lack of normal hematopoietic activity)
(idiopathic (unknown))
(bone marrow transplant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia?

A

Hypercellular Bone Marrow
(bone marrow mostly myeloblasts)
(lack of adipose tissue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fetal Hematopoiesis Stages?

A

3 Stages
1) Embryonic yolk sac (formation of blood islands) (RBCs only)
2) Hepatic (liver) (all RBCs + some WBCs are being produced)
3) Bone Marrow (all RBCs + WBCs are being produced)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Adult Hematopoiesis Stages?

A

-Only occurs in Red Bone Marrow
-Myeloid stem cells generates RBC + WBC + platelet lineage (located in red bone marrow) (stimulates erythropoiesis + leukopoiesis + thrombopoiesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thrombopoiesis?

A

Platelet (thrombocyte) formation
(regulated by thrombopoietin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thrombopoiesis Steps?

A

1) Myeloid stem cell (precursor)
2) Megakaryoblast (thrombopoietin, cell replicates and enlarges)
3) Megakaryocyte (fragments break off)
4) Platelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Megakaryocytes are?

A

Largest cell in a blood smear and only cell in bone marrow smear

17
Q

Erythropoiesis?

A

(RBC formation)
-Regulated by erythropoietin
-Cell volume decreases + nucleoli diminish + nucleus disappears
-Basophilic cytoplasm (lots of ribosomes) turns to acidophilic cytoplasm (lots of Hb)

18
Q

Steps of Erythropoiesis?

A

1) Myeloid stem cell
2) Proerythroblast (largest cell) (1-2 nucleoli within nucleus)
3) Basophilic Erythroblast (slightly smaller) (no nucleoli)
4) Polychromatophilic Erythroblast (slightly smaller) (no nucleoli)
5) Orthochromatophilic Erythroblast (Normoblast) (slight smaller) (no nucleoli)
6) Reticulocyte (1-2% of total RBC count) (no nucleus) (cells leave bone marrow and travel into blood and become mature erythrocyte)
7) Erythrocyte (mature RBC)

19
Q

Leukopoiesis?

A

Formation of WBCs
(cell volume decreases + nucleoli dimes + nucleus changes shape + granules appear)
(basophilic cytoplasm (lots of ribosomes))

20
Q

Steps of Leukopoiesis?

A

1) Myeloid stem cell –> myeloblast
2) Promyelocyte (largest cell) (1 granules produced)
3) Myelocyte (slightly smaller) (1 and 2 granules produced)
4) Metamyelocyte (ONLY IN NEUTROPHILS + EOSINOPHILS) (slushily smaller) (2 > 1 granules)
5) Band Cell (ONLY IN NEUTROPHILS) (slightly smaller)
6) Mature Granulocyte (NEB) (smallest cell) (NEB)

21
Q

Cell Stages of Monocytes?

A

Myeloid Stem Cell –> Myeloblast –> Promonocyte (monoblast) –> Monocyte

22
Q

Leukopoiesis - Monocytes?

A

-Agranulocytes
-Produced in bone marrow
-Contain only primary granules
-Leave blood and migrate into tissue and become macrophages

23
Q

Leukopoiesis - Lymphocytes?

A

-Agranulocytes
-Produced in bone marrow
-Contain only primary granules
-Only cell able to recirculate

24
Q

Characteristics of Lymphocyte?

A

-thin (basophilic) cytoplasm
-large nucleus (takes up entire cell)
-T-cell or B-cells (immune function)

25
Q

B-cells move into?

A

Tissue (plasma cells)

26
Q

Thymus?

A

Primary Lymphoid Organ
-Produces T-cells, migrate into blood and travel to secondary lymphoid organs

27
Q

Structure of Thymus?

A

-Capsule (poorly developed; outermost layer)
-Cortex (outer cell layer; immature T-cells)
-Medulla (inner cell layer; mature T-cells)

28
Q

Hassall’s corpuscles?

A

-In medulla of thymus
-Final stage of T-cell education

29
Q

Characteristics of Thymus?

A

-Epithelioreticular cells (nurse cells) responsible for development + maturation of T-cells
-Few fibers (stroma)
-Lack lymphatic nodules

30
Q

T-Cell Education?

A

1) T-cells (in cortex) migrate to medulla for education
2) Mature T-cells (in medulla) leave thymus via post-capillary venues –> T-cells enter blood circulation

31
Q

DiGeorge Syndrome?

A

Lack of epithelioreticular cells –> no T-cell education (no cell-mediated immunity

Block 2: Histology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions