Lecture 4 (Revised) (Eye) Flashcards
Eye?
Photosensory organ and responsible for vision
Function of Eye?
Regulation of entering light and conversion into neural impulses
Eye
(front to back)?
Cornea –> Lens –> Retina –> Optic Nerve –> Brain
(Eye)
Outer Layer?
Fibrous (CT)
-Cornea (covers outer anterior surface)
-Sclera (covers outer posterior surface)
(Eye)
Middle Layer?
Vascular (and pigmented)
-Iris (gives eye color)
-Ciliary Body (connects to lens for fine focusing)
-Choroid (loose CT lining inside (beneath sclera))
(Eye)
Inner Layer?
Retina
-Retinal Pigment Epithelium (outer layer of retina)
-Neural Retina (inner layer containing nerve cells)
-Fovea (macula) (area of greatest visual acuity)
-Optic Disk (blind spot; where optic nerve exits eye)
Eye Chambers?
-Anterior Chamber
-Posterior Chamber
-Vitreous Chamber
(Eye Chambers)
Anterior Chamber?
-Aqueous Humor
-Posterior to Cornea
-Anterior to iris + lens
(Eye Chambers)
Posterior Chamber?
-Aqueous Humor
-Posterior to Iris
-Anterior to lens + ciliary body
(Eye Chambers)
Vitreous Chamber?
-Vitreous (gelatinous) Humor
-Posterior to lens + ciliary body
-Anterior to retina
Aqueous Humor is produced by?
Ciliary Body
Cornea Layers
(superficial to deep)?
1) Cornea Epithelium
2) Bowman’s (membrane) Layer
3) Stroma
4) Descemet’s (membrane) Layer
5) Cornea Endothelium
Function of Cornea?
~75% of light focusing onto retina
Middle Eye Structures?
-Choroid
-Ciliary Body
-Iris
(Middle Eye Structures)
Choroid?
Vascularized + Pigmented Loose CT
(Middle Eye Structures)
Ciliary Body?
Smooth Muscle Cells
(produces aqueous humor)
(zone fibers attach ciliary body to lens)
(fine focus of lens via parasympathetic inn.)
(ciliary muscle contracts and zone fibers relax and lens thickens)
(Middle Eye Structures)
Iris?
Pigmented Loose CT + Smooth Muscle Cells
(regulation of light entering eye)
(dilator pupillae contracts (more light) (sympathetic))
(constrictor pupillae contracts (less light) (parasympathetic))
Lens Layers
(outer to inner)?
1) Outer Layer (capsule)
2) Subcapsular Layer
3) Inner Layer
Biconvex lens responsible for?
~25% of light focusing onto retina
Retina Layers
(vitreous body to choroid)?
-Inner Limiting Membrane (innermost)
-Ganglion Cell Axons
-Ganglion Cell Bodies
-Inner Synaptic (plexiform) Layer
-Inner Nuclear Layer
-Outer Synaptic (plexiform) Layer
-Outer Nuclear Layer
-Outer Limiting Layer
-Rods + Cones
-Retinal Pigment Epithelium (outermost)
Light enter eye and gets focused on?
Inner Limiting Membrane
Inner Eye Misc. Structures?
-Fovea (macula)
-Optic Disk
-Ora Serrata
(Inner Eye Misc. Structures)
Fovea?
(macula)
-Site of greatest visual acuity
-Contains only cones –> color vision
(Inner Eye Misc. Structures)
Optic Disk?
(blind spot in back of retina)
-Site where optic nerve fibers travel
-Contains NO photoreceptor cells
(Inner Eye Misc. Structures)
Ora Serrata?
(anterior border of retina)
Site where photoreceptor cells are first observed
Macula Degeneration?
Breakdown of fovea (macula) results in loss of center view
(Eyelid)
Outer Surface?
Thin Skin (stratified squamous epithelium)
(Eyelid)
Loose CT contains glandular tissue?
-Zeis glands (oil glands (eyelashes)
-Meibomium glands (oil glands)
-Moll glands (apocrine sweat glands)
(Eyelid)
Inner Surface?
Stratified columnar epithelium + goblet cells
(Eyelid)
Zeis glands?
Sebaceous (oil) glands located at hair follicle (eyelashes)
(Eyelid)
Meibomium glands?
Sebaceous (oil) glands
(Eyelid)
Moll glands?
Apocrine sweat glands
