lecture 7- memory Flashcards
memory
retention of information over time
- it has different abilities, not just one thing
- memory is reconstructed not reproduced
3 systems of memory
- sensory memory
- short-term
- long-term
span
- capacity
- sensory memory is imprinted on the brain and some info can get lost
duration
how long memories last for
sensory memory
- holds sensory information
- each sense has its own system (echoic and iconic)
- allows for perceptual processing
- span: capacity is very large
- duration: very short
iconic memory
- vision
- half a second duration
echoic memory
hearing
duration of 2-4 seconds
short term memory
- hold info temporarily in your mind- duration: about 20-30 seconds
capacity: limited to 5-9 items - working memory
- in prefrontal cortex
decay
memories decay over time
- trying to remember a long list of numbers will become more difficult with time
- other info in your mind that interferes
long term memory
- information acquired over a lifespan
- duration: perhaps unlimited
- span: perhaps unlimited
- different types are explicit and implicit
explicit (declarative) memory
- consciously recalled
- ability to declare/express memories
- two kinds: episodic and semantic
- coded in hippocampus
- formed in entire cortex
episodic
remebering thing that we have actively lived through
- events of our life
- explcit
semantic
- facts and concepts that we have learned in our lives
- ex: knowing world capitals, or sin
implicit memories
- do not require conscious thought
- includes: procedural and priming
p formed in cerebellum
procedural
habits and how we do things
- playing instruments, brushing teeth..
- things that you do that you are not consciously thinking about
- implicit
priming
- exposure to stimulus influences future responses
- ex: subliminal messages
primacy
remembering things at the beginning of a list
- could be because of long term memory
recency
remembering things that appear at the end of a list
- could be because of short term memory
3 memory processes
- encoding
- storage
- retrieval
encoding
getting things into memory
- shows the importance of attention
- can only encode if you are paying attention
- could also use mnemonics to enhance later recall