Lecture 7: Animal Phyla Part 2

Question 1

Nematoda?

Answer 1

roundworms: c.elegans, pinworms
can be parasitic, terrestrial, aquatic
no circulatory system but have organs
1) bilateral symmetry
2) triploblastic
3) hemocoel
4) alimentary cavity
5) protostome development
6) hydrostatic skeleton and cuticle(exoskeleton)

Question 2

Annelida?

Answer 2

Segmented worms: leaches, earthworm
Terrestrial or aquatic
closed circulatory system
1) bilateral symmetry
2) triploblastic
3) coelom
4) alimentary cavity
5) protostome development
6) hydrostatic skeleton

Question 3

Mollusca?

Answer 3

different classes include BIVALVIA(clams oyster) and CEPHALOPODA(squid octopus)
- some terrestrial and aquatic
open or closed circulatory system
1) bilateral symmetry
2) triploblastic
3) coelom
4) alimentary cavity
5) protostome development
6) exoskeleton and/or hydrostatic skeleton

Question 4

Arthropoda?

Answer 4

insects, spiders, ticks, centipedes, etc
terrestrial or aquatic
open circulatory system
1) bilateral symmetry
2) triploblastic
3) coelom
4) alimentary cavity
5) protostome development
6) exoskeleton

Question 5

Echinodermata?

Answer 5

sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins
salt water habitats only
organ systems
1) larva bilateral symmetry; adult radial symmetry
2) triploblastic
3) coelom
4) alimentary cavity
5) deuterostome development
6) endoskeleton or exoskeleton

Question 6

Chordata?

Answer 6

tunicates, lacelets, all vertebrates
- terrestrial or aquatic
- closed circulatory system
1) bilateral symmetry
2) triploblastic
3) coelom
4) alimentary cavity
5) deuterostome development
6) endoskeleton

Question 7

Chordates derived traits in embryos?

Answer 7

notochord, dorsal, pharyngeal slits or clefts, muscular post anal tail

Question 8

4 vertebrates that we will be taking a closer look at in this course:

Answer 8

ray finned fishes, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals

Question 9

ray finned body fish

Answer 9

• most familiar fish species
• fins are supported by bony rays
• gills: breathing in water
• bony scales: protection, covered in mucus to reduce resistance
• swim bladder: air sacs that control buoyancy

Question 10

Amphibians?

Answer 10

• frogs, salamanders, caecilians
  most are amphibious: first live in water then in land
  ectothermic: internal temperature matches temperature of surroundings
• conduct some gas exchange across skin
  egg: no shell

Question 11

Reptilia?

Answer 11

snakes turtles lizards and crocodiles: scales are made of keratin, egg shell is soft, ectothermic meaning internal temp matches that of surroundings

birds: wings and feathers, hollow bones with no teeth, egg shell is hard, endothermic meaning internal temp is regulated through metabolism

Question 12

Mammalia?

Answer 12

monotremes: marsupials, eutherians
mammary glands produce milk, hair and fat layer, specialized teeth, endothermic