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SOCI 310 > Lecture 7: Aging and Life Course > Flashcards

Lecture 7: Aging and Life Course Flashcards

1
Q

life course

A

Broadly defined as “a sequence of socially defined events and roles that the individual enacts over time”

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2
Q

life course perspective

A
  • Connects the individual to the historical and socioeconomic context
  • Impact of early events and contexts
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3
Q

transitions

A

aspects of one’s life course

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4
Q

duration

A

the length of a transition

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5
Q

turning point

A

events that change the direction of one’s life

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6
Q

age

A
  • A social construction
  • We give meaning to age via expectations, informal sanctions, and social timetables.
  • Social and personal meanings are attached to age
  • Axis of stratification
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7
Q

cohort

A
  • A group of people born at a particular time and place
  • Membership is thought to index a unique historical period
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8
Q

period

A

a historical time in which social change occurs

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9
Q

lifecourse principles

A
  • lifespan development
  • agency
  • time and place
  • timing
  • linked lives
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10
Q

lifespan development

A

emphasizes that aging and human development are a life-long process.

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11
Q

agency

A

individuals construct their life course through the choices and actions that they take within the constraints of the opportunities they have

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12
Q

time and place

A

Indicates that the life course is embedded and shaped by historical times and places (geographic location/culture)

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13
Q

timing

A

Highlights the importance of when particular transitions and behavioural patterns occur

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14
Q

critical period

A
  • A developmental window where your body is most susceptible to an external influence or exposure
  • Outside of this window, it will have a weaker impact on your body
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15
Q

sensitive period

A
  • A developmental window where your body is most susceptible to the strongest effects of an external influence or exposure
  • Outside of this window, it may have some effects but they won’t be as strong
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16
Q

linked lives

A
  • Suggests that our lives are lived interdependently
  • Thus, we can be impacted by social changes enacted on our social network
17
Q

conventional wisdom of mental health through the life course

A

levels of depressive symptoms are the lowest in midlife, which was explained by the lack of changes in this period

18
Q

mental health in young adulthood today

A
  • Mental health in young adulthood has been decreasing since 2011
  • These risks were not evenly distributed: poor mental health is especially common in females and LGBTQ+ youth
19
Q

mental health in midlife today

A
  • Carr, 2023: midlife is worse in mental health
  • Suicide and deaths of despair increase in middle age, especially for men
20
Q

possible explanations for poor mental health in young adulthood

A
  • Characteristics of pandemic-era learning (e.g., isolation, disruptions, social media, family stressors)?
  • Social media (limited empirical support, differential vulnerability)?
  • Changes in health behaviours (less sleep, less exercise)?
  • Changes in social behaviours (less time with friends)?
  • Climate change
  • Political dynamics
  • Information overload
  • High cultural expectations for success
21
Q

possible explanations for poor mental health in middle age

A
  • Biological changes (ex. Menarche, menopause, andropause)
  • Stressors
  • Social roles
  • Coping resources
  • Few economic opportunities/ little hope for the future (Death of Despair)
22
Q

mental health in old age today

A
  • Ages 65-74: more likely to experience alcohol use disorder
  • Ages 85 +: most likely to experience depressive symptoms
  • For men and women ages 85+: women = lower suicide rate among all older adults. Men = the highest by a significant margin
  • There has been an uptick in suicides, since the mid-to-late 2000s, which is particularly pronounced for men 85+ and older since 2018
23
Q

possible explanations for poor mental health in old age

A
  • Physical decline/ functional impairment
  • Loss of loved ones/ friends
  • Reduced mental acuity
  • Financial insecurity
  • Social isolation

SOCI 310 (19 decks)

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