Lecture 7 Flashcards
What are personality disorders?
Personality traits and resulting behaviours that are so inflexible and maladaptive that they cause significant distress or impairment
5 Problems with diagnosing PD
1) categorical vs dimensional
2) Poor reliability of clinical interviews
3) Biases (gender, cultural, heuristics)
4) Overlap between categories
5) Stigma
3 Cluster A PD
1) Paranoid
2) Schizoid
3) Schizotypal
4 Cluster B PD
1) Antisocial
2) Borderline
3) Histrionic
4) Narcisstic
3 Cluster C PD
1) Avoidant
2) Dependent
3) Obsessive-compulsive
Characteristics of Cluster A PD
odd/eccentric
Characteristics of Cluster B PD
dramatic/erratic
Characteristics of Cluster C PD
anxious/fearful
What is Paranoid PD
Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent
What is Schizoid PD
Pervasive detachment from social relationships and restricted range of interpersonal emotional expression, beginning by early adulthood
What is Schizotypal PD
Social and interpersonal deficits - discomfort with close relationships as well as cognitive distortions & odd behaviour
Schemas of Paranoid PD
others are untrustworthy and malicious
Schemas of Schizoid PD
Self-sufficient, others are intrusive
Schemas of Schizotypal PD
loner, vulnerable, different
What is Antisocial PD
Pervasive disregard for and violation of others’ rights
Schemas of Antisocial PD
I’m strong, autonomous, ‘lone wolf’ ‘dog eat dog’
What is Borderline PD
Instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, affect and impulsivity
Schemas of Borderline PD
World is dangerous, I am powerless, vulnerable
What does DBT treat and combine
Borderline PD, CBT & Mindfulness
What is Histrionic PD
Excessive emotionality and attention seeking in various contexts
Underlying Core Schemas of HPD
I’m unattractive & inadequate, I need others to look after me
Compensatory schemas of HPD
I’m loveable, impressive and glamorous
What is Narcissistic PD
Grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy beginning by early adulthood
NPD beliefs
Unique, special, deserve special treatment and others are inferior (this is a facade)
Schemas of NPD
worthless, failure, incompetent
What is Avoidant PD
Social inhibition, inadequacy, hypersensitivity to neglect evaluation
Schemas of Avoidant PD
Vulnerable to rejection/abandonment, depreciation
What is Dependent PD
Excessive need to be taken care of- submissive/clinging behaviour
Schemas of Dependent PD
self = needy, weak and helpless
What is Obsessive-Compulsive PD
Preoccupation with orderliness, control, perfectionism
Schemas of OCPD
self = responsible for self and others
