Lecture 7 Flashcards
Why people join groups
- Security
- Status
- Self-esteem
- Power
- Goal Achievement
- Affiliation
Role
A set of expected behaviour patterns attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social unit
Role perception
An individual’s viiew of how he or she is supposed to act in a given situaton - received by external stimuli
Role expectations
How ochters believe a person should act in a given situation
Role Clarity
How clear are role expectations
Role coflict
Divergent or misaligned role expectations
Norms
Acceptable standards or behaviour withing a group that are shared by the group’s memers
Classes of norms
-Performance norms
Level of acceptable work
-appeaance norms
what to waer
-Social arrangement norms - Friendship and the like
-Allocation of rescources norms
Disribution and assignments of job and material
Asch’s study of Conformty
Results were starling because of
- There was no obvious pressure to conform
- There were no rewards for “team pay”
- There was no punishment for individuality
Does the Asch’s study still hold?
- Levels of Conformity have declined
- Conformity higher in collectivst countries
- But even now and even in individualist countries conformity is still a strong force
Deviant workplace behaviour
Also called
- Antisocial behaviour
- Workplace incivility
Voluntaru behaviour that violates significant organizational norms and, in doing so, threatens the well-being of the organization
Sttus characteristic theory
Status is derived from one of three sources
- Power a person has over others
- Ability to contribute to group goals
- Personal characteristics
Social loafing
Tendency of group to exped less effort when working collectively than when working individually
Ringelmann effect: Declining persormance on rope-pulling task
Köhler effect
Tendency of a group to expend more effort when working collectively than when working individually
Waeker members exert additional effrt on weight holding task
How collaboration affects effort depends on dispensability of effort.
Additive task: Outcoe = Sum of contributions. Individual contributions dispensable
Conjunctive tasks: Outcome = contribution of weakest member. Individual contributions indispensable.
