Lecture 7 Flashcards
Q/ What is the main focus of genetics?
A/ The study of genes and hereditary traits.
Q/ What chemical substance is central to genetic studies?
A/ DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
Q/ What experiment proved that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material?
A/ Hershey and Chase’s experiment (1952).
Q/ Who discovered the double-helix structure of DNA?
A/ James Watson and Francis Crick.
Q/ What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
A/ Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G).
Q/ How are the two strands of DNA held together?
A/ By hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.
Q/ What is the key process in DNA replication called?
A/ Semiconservative replication.
Q/ What is RNA’s primary role in cells?
A/ Transferring and regulating genetic information.
Q/ What is the main structural difference between RNA and DNA?
A/ RNA is single-stranded; DNA is double-stranded.
Q/ What sugar is found in RNA instead of deoxyribose?
A/ Ribose.
Q/ What is the complementary base to adenine in RNA?
A/ Uracil (U).
Q/ What is CRISPR used for in genetics?
A/ Gene editing by cutting specific DNA sections.
Q/ What are genetically modified plants?
A/ Plants with modified DNA using genetic engineering.
Q/ Name one benefit of genetically modified crops.
A/ Reduced pesticide use.
Q/ What is one potential harm of genetically modified foods?
A/ Allergies.
