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General Botany 🌿 > Lecture 10 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of ecological factors that affect the growth of plants?

A
  • Climatic factors
  • Physiographic factors
  • Biotic factors
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2
Q

List some important climatic factors.

A
  • Rainfall
  • Atmospheric humidity
  • Wind
  • Temperature
  • Light
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3
Q

How does rainfall directly affect plant growth?

A

It affects the amount of available soil water.

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4
Q

What is the significance of dew in areas with scanty rainfall?

A

It is important to maintain vegetation.

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5
Q

How does a dry climate affect the vegetative period of plants?

A

It shortens the vegetative period and checks blooming, setting of fruits, and maturation of seeds.

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6
Q

What role does temperature play in the effectiveness of rainfall?

A

Temperature determines how well rainfall can benefit plant growth.

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7
Q

What are the three types of humidity?

A
  • Specific Humidity
  • Absolute Humidity
  • Relative Humidity
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8
Q

Define specific humidity.

A

It refers to the amount of water vapours present per unit weight of air.

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9
Q

True or False: Absolute humidity is maximum near the equator.

A

True

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10
Q

How does wind affect plant growth?

A
  • Directly by breaking off twigs or uprooting trees
  • Indirectly by affecting transpiration rates
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11
Q

What is the ‘master factor’ in the distribution of vegetation?

A

Temperature

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: Temperature influences almost all activities of plants, including _______.

A

[photosynthesis, respiration, absorption of water, transpiration, germination, growth, reproduction]

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13
Q

What indirect effects does temperature have on plants?

A

It influences soil factors and other climatic factors.

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14
Q

What is the primary factor in
Photosynthesis?

A

Light

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15
Q

How does altitude affect vegetation?

A

With increased altitude, temperature and atmospheric pressure decrease, but wind velocity, relative humidity, and light intensity increase.

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16
Q

What climatic conditions increase with altitude?

A

Wind velocity, relative humidity, light intensity

These conditions lead to changes in vegetation patterns.

17
Q

What are the vegetation zones from the base of hills to the top?

A

Tropical, temperate, taiga, tundra, polar

These zones represent the transition of vegetation types with altitude.

18
Q

What role do mountain chains play in climate?

A

Steer wind, capture moisture, condense vapors into clouds and rain

This results in rich vegetation on one side and xerophytic vegetation on the other.

19
Q

Define ‘edaphic factors’.

A

Soil factors that affect vegetation

These include soil composition, moisture, and nutrient availability.

20
Q

What is ‘soil profile’?

A

Sequence of soil horizons from the surface downward

Soil horizons differ in color and composition.

21
Q

What are the major horizons in a soil profile?

A

O horizon, A horizon, E horizon, B horizon, C horizon, R horizon

Each horizon has distinct characteristics.

22
Q

What are biotic factors?

A

Factors originating from living organisms

Includes plants, animals, and their interactions.

23
Q

List three groups of biotic factors.

A

Interrelationship between plants, interrelationship between plants and animals, interrelationship between soil microorganisms and plants

Each group explores different ecological interactions.

24
Q

True or False: Soil microorganisms have no impact on plant health.

A

False

Soil microorganisms play critical roles in nutrient cycling and plant health.

25
Q

Fill in the blank: The activities of living organisms profoundly affect the __________ of plants.

A

Growth, structure, reproduction, distribution

These activities include interactions within plant communities and with animals.

26
Q

Name two beneficial interactions between animals and plants.

A

Pollination, seed dispersal

These interactions enhance plant reproduction and distribution.

27
Q

What is mycorrhiza?

A

Symbiotic association between fungi and plant roots

This relationship aids in nutrient absorption for the plant.

28
Q

How does the moist climate effect the growth of plants

A

It increases the longevity of plants and their leaves.

29
Q

How does dry climate effects the growth of plants

A

it shortens the vegetative period

30
Q

The_____is the part of earth crust which bears plant life

A

Soil

31
Q

__, __, __ are present in atmosphere

A

SO2 , NH3 , SO3
These particles influence photosynthesis and respiration

32
Q

What is the direct effect of Temperature on the vegetation

A

1-gemination, rate of growth,
development
2-determines the kind of plants

33
Q

What is some of the important activities between plants and microorganisms

A

Decay of dead organic material
Nitrogen-fixation
Plant diseases
Production of growth promoting substances
Mycorrhiza

General Botany 🌿 (7 decks)

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