Lecture 11

Question 1

What is pharmacognosy?

Answer 1

The study of drugs derived from natural sources and their physical, chemical, and biological properties.

Question 2

What are the main natural sources of drugs?

Answer 2

Plants, animals, microorganisms, and minerals.

Question 3

What does the term ‘crude drug’ refer to?

Answer 3

Products from plants, animals, or minerals found in raw form used for treatment.

Question 4

Name the six ways crude drugs are classified.

Answer 4

Alphabetical, taxonomical, morphological, pharmacological, chemical, and chemotaxonomical classification.

Question 5

What is pharmacological classification based on?

Answer 5

The therapeutic use or pharmacological action of the drugs.

Question 6

What are glycosides?

Answer 6

Compounds that yield sugars and non-sugar components upon hydrolysis.

Question 7

What is the biological source of digitalis leaves?

Answer 7

Digitalis purpurea and Digitalis lanata.

Question 8

What are the main uses of henna?

Answer 8

Natural hand and hair dye, antifungal, and astringent.

Question 9

What is the active chemical in coca leaves?

Answer 9

Cocaine and Cinnamyl cocaine

Question 10

What are the disadvantages of using wild-sourced crude drugs?

Answer 10

Difficult transport, incorrect collection, damage to the environment, and risk of extinction.

Question 11

What are the advantages of cultivated herbs?

Answer 11

Uniform quality, better control of soil, and constant supply.

Question 12

What is a key historical fact about digitalis?

Answer 12

It was discovered by Dr. William Withering in 1775.

Question 13

Which chemical gives henna its red-orange dye?

Answer 13

Lawsone.

Question 14

What are tannins used for?

Answer 14

As astringents and in treating diarrhea and inflammation.

Question 15

Alphabetical classification of crude drugs bassed on……..

Answer 15

arranging in an alphabetical order of their Latin and English names

Question 16

Mophological classification of crude drugs bassed on?

Answer 16

Parts used as drugs like: leaf, stem, root, flower and seed.

Question 17

System of Morphological classification is categorised into…….

Answer 17

Organized drugs and unorganized drugs

Question 18

True or false
Unorganised drugs contain cellular structure

Answer 18

False
It does contain any cellular structure

Question 19

The most relavent and followed Classification of crude drugs is

Answer 19

Pharmalogical classification

Question 20

Tannins are?

Answer 20

Derivatives of polyhydroxy benzoic acid

Question 21

Alkaloides

Answer 21

Are Nitrogenuos substances of plant origin.

Question 22

Disadvantages of wild drugs?

Answer 22

Difficult to transport helps to area of processing

Difficult access like forests and mountains

Damage to environment

Collector ignorance

Question 23

Senna

Answer 23

Contains: Sennosides A and Sennosides B

Question 24

Senna is used in alot of different things but most important use is used for the case of

Answer 24

Acute Constipation

Question 25

What is the common name of Digitalis leaves ?

Answer 25

Purple foxglove

Question 26

Digitalis leaves used in …….

Answer 26

Treatment of heart conditions

Question 27

Digitalis leaves contain …….,…….

Answer 27

Purpura glycoside A
Purpura glycoside B

Question 28

The main constituent in Henna is

Answer 28

Lawsone and it is colouring substance

Question 29

What is The uses of Coca leaf

Answer 29

Local anesthetic for eye and ear

Question 30

What is the active constituents of the German chamomile?

Answer 30

Essential oil of deep blue color due to azuline, chamazulene

Flavonoid epigenine

Glycosides

Tannins

Question 31

List some famous Alkaloids ?

Answer 31

Amines, indole, purine, tropane

Question 32

What is the important uses of German chamomile

Answer 32

It can be used as carminative, antispamodic, tranquiliser and antiseptic

or as creams for sun burns