Lecture 7

Question 1

What is Environmental Health

Answer 1

Relationships between people and environment, ecological approach environmental conditions, chemical and physical hazards, social and built environments

Question 2

What is the Swiss cheese model

Answer 2

When wholes line up from different factors is when an accident and injury will happen

Question 3

How is the cheese model in applied in the walkerton context

Answer 3

Falsified for up to 20 years
Stan and Frank Kobel not treating the water
Privitzation of water
Provincial goverment putting more on the muncipal

Question 4

What was the framing of this problem

Answer 4

Impact of budgetary reductions
Implications of using public or private operators
This problem was more serious than the other ones
Bad apple theory
Harris government was good at framing this issue since they were the ones that cut costs at the provincial level water tests MOE lost 40% of its game

Question 5

How could they create change in the environment

Answer 5

Exhortation- bioling water encourage people to do these things
Regulation- becomes a exhortation if you don’t enforce and doesn’t become more usefull
Public ownership- mechanisms got messed up

Question 6

What is the common sense revolution

Answer 6

Mike harris cut costs at the provincial level water tests were privatized so MOE lost 40% of its budget downloading responsibility and privatization of service broke the chain of accountability

Question 7

Is a public good the same as good for the public

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What is a free rider problem

Answer 8

People use a service without contributing to the maintenance of that service

Question 9

What is contestable

Answer 9

Asset specificity or how easy/hard it is to get into the market and in this case it is hard to get into

Question 10

What is measurability

Answer 10

Monitoring performance is easiest when measurability is high

Question 11

What is complexity

Answer 11

When you provide a public service the value can stand alone it also has value when you provide it with other providers knowledge brokage

Question 12

What are externalities

Answer 12

Costs money to run these services but also has a large number of costs that are associated with good or service lost time angry

Question 13

What happened when water testing went from public-private

Answer 13

Private entities did some of the work, water testing is privately outsourced

Question 14

What is the dominant model for providing water service in ontario

Answer 14

Public

Question 15

What are important considerations with Public-Private

Answer 15

Critical mass to support necessary expertise
Extent to which water is sheltered from budget constraints
Extent to which PUC share information among themselves
implication of differing policies regarding borrowing for capital projects

Question 16

What is privatization

Answer 16

1. Termination of public programs and disengagement of government from certain responsibilities
2. Transfer of public assets to private owenrship
3. Public financing of private service delivery
4. Deregulation of entry into activities previously treated as public monopoly

Question 17

What happened in the walkerton case

Answer 17

The contracts specified how the test should be performed but neglected that the tests should be conducted by someone who understood what they meant and the results should be conveyed to someone else instead of the client

Question 18

What is one distinction between the former public model and the privatized model

Answer 18

For-profit company had an obligation to maxmize there profits

Question 19

What is ex ante and ex post

Answer 19

Ex ante let them know before ex post is afer the fact

Question 20

What is one of the best ways to hold people accountable

Answer 20

encourages and fosters stakeholder participation and openness in its decision-making processes they are open and clear to the public

Question 21

What is the precautionary principle

Answer 21

If there is a risk you should do something to prevent it

Question 22

What is street level bureacuracy

Answer 22

It is people who meet people on the front line between citizens and goverment and can be seen as ultimate policy makers they decide how they do there job

Question 23

What was the scope of conflict in this problem

Answer 23

Needed to bring more people into this problem to participate along with going to the media so the scope of conflict

Question 24

What is public inquiry

Answer 24

Looks at issues and coming up with solutions doesn’t really focus on who did what

Question 25

What do you want your iquniry to be

Answer 25

Response that is public specific about the past, comprehensive about the future and cost efficient and speedy

Question 26

What do the public inquiry usually include

What type of people

Answer 26

Judge a healer and a manger with responsibility for budgets and administrative and leagal staff

Question 27

What is the O’conner report

Answer 27

Resolution to the event that lead to Walkerton inquiry it was a direction to correct holes

Question 28

What was part one of the O’conner report

Answer 28

Immediate direction to correct holes reactive component, biol water protocols, approvals/inspections training and certfication

Question 29

What was part 2 of the report

Answer 29

Took longer and was a multi-barrier approach to managing drinking water and reduce risk at every stage of the system