Lecture 3 Flashcards
What is Public health
Looks at health of populations and prevention and promotion
What is the concept of the TB cases in toronto
Tibetan refugees and were sent to a shelter in Toronto awaiting processing because 5 were found to have active MDR TB and the media hyped it
What is the direct communicable disease
Person to person
What is inderict in relation to a vehicle
You get it from something else that is not the person for example water
What is indirect vector
Briding species some stop when they reach a human others don’t
What is airbone
Droplets are suspended
What is latent TB
not infectious action needs to be taken for at risk people
What is active tb
Infectious and deadly if not treated adherence is important prompt treatment necessary
What is MDR-TB
Multi drug resistant TB it is extremely expensive to treat
What makes up framing
Mental structures that people use to provide categories and structure to their thoughts looking at biases
How a potential hazard is processed percived and evaluated
Demonstrate how the same set of facts can be used to present different messages
How to best influence an outcome
What stakeholders can particpate
What are different ways that the TB can frame this issue
Immigration problem
Infectious disease treatment and natural progression
Public healht and risk
Cost opportunity diease
Old disease so you just ignore the problem
What goes into risk identification and perception
Decesion and not doing anything involve risk how well risk is understood how well that risk is understood
extent to it evokes dread
How many people are exposed
less acceptable if classified as involuntary dread or catastrophic
Risks with identifiable victims are more severe than statistical
What is the difference between hazard and risk
Hazard is something that could maybe cause harm but risk is hazar plus exposure
What alters the perceived risk
Media attention
What makes risk less acceptable
Involuntary dread or catastrophic vs common
What makes risk more severe
Identifiable victims thatn statistics
what is prevalence
how often a disease or condition occurs in a population at particular point in time
What is incidence
measures the rate of occurrence of new cases of a disease or condition in relationship to the population which is initially disease-free
Who had the majority of cases of TB
Foreign born and indigenous people
One of the lowest rate in the world
Canada
Almost all TB is treated with first line TB drugs True or Flase
True
Where is tubericolous concentrated in
Urban areas with ethnic and homeless populations
What should we do about risks
What you want is not always possible immigration is not under our jursidiction some policy doesn’t let us do what we want
What are the different types of screening
Mass
Selective
Multiphasic
Surevillance
Case finding population surveys
What is mass screening
Examples are like dental newborn and the cost’s dosen’t outweigh doing something
What is selective screening
One group you just screen the population at risk
What is multiphasic screening
We do it now and then we do it 2 months from now
What is surveillance
Look at data in the environment we go looking
What is surveillance
Look at the data in the envinroment we go looking
What is case finding
Public health goes looking for people
What are some thing you need to consider
Ethical principles moral decision making risk, intervention effectiveness, economic costs, individual burden, fairness of policy
Is there an obligation to protect/act even if there is not sufficient evidence
Ice in front of your resturant
What are institutional arrangements
Polices systems and processes that organizations use to legislate plan and manage their activities efficiently and to effectively coordiante with others to fulfill their mandate
What was the British North America Act
It is the foundation for distribution of power
What does the Federal Government cover
Peace Order and good government of Canada and quarantine and the establishment/maintenance of marine hospitals
What are the provinces responsible for
Most health care services establishment, maintenance and amanagement of hospitals, asylums, charities eleemosynary instiutions other than marine hospitals
Who provides finanical support for health care
The fedral goverment
When did the constitution act be in stated
1982
What are some details about the constitution act
Has 7 parts, parts 1-4 is the charter of rights and freedoms recognizes the right of aboriginal peoples and equalization payments process parts 6 and 7 amended the BNA act to include provincial jurisdiction over natural resources
What is the Canada Health Act
1984 it is to protect promote and restore the physical and mental well being of residents of canada and acess to health services without financial barriers it sets out criteria and conditions that provincial and territoral health insurance plans have to meet in order to receive full cash UPPAC
What is UPPAC
Universaility
Public Admin
Portability
Acessebility
Comphrensiveness
What are the three constitutional powers
Spending the power
Power to pass laws for peace
Order and good government and criminal law power
Who falls under the fedral goverment
First nations Inuit Veterans and active military prisoners in federal peanitentiaries
Where do refugees fall under
Protected persons including resettled refugees refugee claimants and certain other groups you use to have to wait three months but you don’t anymore IFHP
What is the role of provinicial government
Public Hospitals and Clinics
Drug benefit plants
Training and regulations of physicians and other health professionals
Long term care
What is the HPPA
Provides leagal framework for public health services enabling municipalities to promote and protect the health of residents through local health programs.
What did the amalgamation of Metropoltian Toronto
Turned into one administrative unit reducing number of PHUS from 5 to 1
What are the responsibilities of municipaliity
Vaccination, communicable disease tracking/tracing/treatment vector borne disease surveillance sexual health
What are some additional stakeholders
There is not many TB specialists
Drug resistance
Symptoms vs screening
Medical school curriculum
Quality of care uneven and potentially dangerous
Social psychological and pharmacological
What does the media have to do
Timing
Relevance
Fame
Human intrest
What was the focusing event and how did the media frame this issue
What is apart of the implementation framework
Cost
Acceptiability
Fesaibility
What is in the effects framework
Effectiveness
Unintended effects
equity
Is screening testing
NO screeing is looking for diease in the wider population that does not have risk factors testing confirms diagnosis or aid in monitoring or treatment
What are the most important issues
Canada Health Act
Immigration
Constitution Act- Funding who is responsible
Screening then follwing up
Lack of education in medicine for TB awarness
Wrong treatment
Active tb you get quarantines
Media and fear mongering
What did the Toronto public healht do
Instead of wiating 60 days for immigrants to be present they were identified at the border and sent to immigration officals
What did Ontario Ministry of Health
TB diagnosis and treatment services for uninsured persons
What did Federal government do
2012 Canclled health insurance service for refugees but TB care would have been exempt as it is a risk to public health
2014 Federal said it was unconstitutional
2015 IFHP
2016 program fully reinstated
What is Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
tHe supreme law in the land which guarantees fundamental freedoms for all individuals residing in Canada including citizend landed immigrants and even refugees
