Lecture 7

Question 1

Depression in the DSM-5

Answer 1

• Emotional symptoms - decreased enjoyment
• Cognitive symptoms - pessimism
• Motivational symptoms - apathy
• Physical symptoms - loss of appetite, difficulty sleeping

Question 2

Diathesis-stress model

Answer 2

Depression may occur when individuals are predisposed toward internalizing problems (diathesis) are exposed to chronic stress.

Question 3

Treatment of depression

Answer 3

• Antidepressent medication
• Cognitive behavioural therepy (CBT)
• Interpersonal therapy

Question 4

Paper Ballonoff

Answer 4

Using insights in adolescent development to better interventions. Experience-expectant model, windows of opportunity, decision-making behaviour.

Question 5

Paper Orben

Answer 5

COVID-19, rodent studies on social isolation:
1. Social isolation is a stressor
2. Some effects are bc of the deprivation of stimuli, which are crucial for neurobiological development

Question 6

Social anxiety disorder

Answer 6

Fear of social situations is out of proportion, there is avoiding and social situations always provoke stress.

Question 7

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 7

Excessive worry and anciety about a number of events.

Question 8

Prevalence of internalizing behaviour is higher for women than men

Answer 8

• Artifact theory - women are more likely to report symptoms
• Social roles - girls who cannot conform to the roles experience stress
• Girls experience more stress because of puberty
• Girls have a tendency to co-rumination