lecture 6: Rites of Passage Flashcards
brain growth
- adolescents brains have reached 95% of the size and weight of adult brains (25 years brain is fully developed)
What changes in adolescence (atkinsons und shifrin?)
- short term or working memory becomes more efficient in processing information
- adultlike levels of content knowledeg in long-term memory
Pubertal changes
- grwoth spurt
- body proportions change
- changes in primary/secondary sex characteristics
Development of 2. Sex characteristics in girls
- pubic hair (8 years)
- breast formation (9 years)
- height gain (10 years)
- under-arm hair/ onset of mentrautaion (10 years)
- body fat deposition (11 years)
Psychological impact of puberty
- body image
- reactions to menarche and spermache
- moodiness (due to brain chnages)
early maturing (boys)
- more likely to be depressed (other boys are immature)
- more substance abuse
- more sexual activity
early maturing (girls)
- often less popular
- negative self-evaluation
- sexually more active
- behavior problems
- more smoking, drinking, etc.
Anorexia
Persistant refusal to eat accompanied by the irrational fear of being overweight
Bulimia
Disease in which people alternate between binge eating-periods when they eat uncontrollably and purging with laxatives or self-induced vomiting
Risk factors in Anorexia and Bulimia
- Heredity (transmission of genes that regulate anxiety and food intake)
- Psychosocial (picky eater as child)
- Change attitudes towards being thin
Self- esteem (two concepts)
- Self-concept
2. Self evaluation
Self-concept
a person’s theory about him- or herself
Self evaluation
personal judgement of worthiness
What build positive Self-esteem?
- heredity (genes, greater competence in different eareas)
- environemnt (family who lives in harmony)
changes in development (self-esteem)
- very high self-esteem in preschool children
- decline over school years (due to social compariosn)
