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Egypt > Lecture 6: New Kingdom > Flashcards

Lecture 6: New Kingdom Flashcards

1
Q

What is the New Kingdom also known as?

A

The late bronze age.

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2
Q

The features of the New Kingdom.

A 
Reunification of Egypt.
Rise in Theban importance.
Growth of the cult of Amun-Re.
Book of the Dead.
Major changes in kingship.
Military + diplomatic expansion.
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3
Q

What geographic event occurred in the New Kingdom?

A

The Thera Eruption in c. 1620-1600 BC

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4
Q

What effect did the Tera Eruption have on Egypt?

A

Pumice has been found in workshops at Avaris, attempted to use it.

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5
Q

Name one steal from the early New Kingdom.

A

The Ahmose ‘Tempest’ Stela.

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6
Q

What does the Ahmose ‘Tempest’ Stela reference?

A

The Thera eruption.

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7
Q

How did the expulsion of the Hyksos start?

A

With the city of Avaris taken, with the main fortress going under siege for 3 years.

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8
Q

Where were the origins of New Kingdom Pharaohs?

A

Thebes.

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9
Q

What gods were the Thebans generally identified with?

A

Re and Min.

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10
Q

Which goddess was the consort of the Theban kings?

A

Mut.

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11
Q

Where did the treasures won from victories go?

A

They were donated to the temple of Karnak.

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12
Q

What roles in society did the priests of Amun have?

A

High administrative roles.

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13
Q

Name one main village from the New Kingdom.

A

Deir el-Medina.

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14
Q

What monarchs were worshipped after their death in Deir el-Medina?

A

Amenhotep I and his mother, Ahmose Nefertari.

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15
Q

What new funerary literature appears in the New Kingdom?

A

The Book of the Dead, on papyrus.

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16
Q

What military developments occurred in the New kingdom?

A

Expansion into Syria-Palestine + Nubia.

Standing army development.

17
Q

What tomb has inscriptions documenting a military career?

A

Ahmose son of Abana.

18
Q

What do the military annals of the New Kingdom describe?

A

Campaigns where the king as brave, indispensable and heroic.

19
Q

Which annals are the most detailed and where can they be found?

A

Thutmose III’s, on the walls of the Temple of Karnak.

20
Q

What do Thutmose III’s annals cover?

A

Late campaigns. The Battle of Megiddo and the 7th month siege.

21
Q

Name one letter from the New Kingdom.

A

The Amarna letter.

22
Q

Who was the most important female pharaoh of the New Kingdom period?

A

Hatshepsut.

23
Q

Who was Hatshepsut?

A

Thutmose I’s daughter and Thutmose II’s half sister and wife.

24
Q

How did Hatshepsut legitimise herself?

A

Her divine parentage and legitimacy was emphasised through inscriptions.

25
Q

Who was Hatshepsut associated wit?

A

The daughter of Amun.

26
Q

Where can you find Hatshepsut ‘s mortuary temple?

A

Deir el-Bahari.

27
Q

Who else temples can be found beside Hatshepsut’s?

A

Mentuhotep II and Thutmose III’s to Amun.

28
Q

What happened to the memory of Hatshepsut I after her death?

A

She was erased from king lists and her monuments were defaced.

29
Q

Why may Hatshepsut’s monuments been defaced?

A

Thutmose III getting revenge on his aunt?
People believe her illegitimate?
Ensuring Ideology?

30
Q

What were the features of Amenhotep III’s reign?

A

Solar symbolisation and new colossal style.

31
Q

What was the main the feature of Amenhotep III’s and Queen Tiyes’s reign?

A

Self-deification during life.

32
Q

Name 2 temples from the reign of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye’s reign.

A

Temple of Soleb, in Nubia.

Temple of Sedeinga in Nubia.

33
Q

Who was Queen Tiye associated with?

A

Hathor.

34
Q

Who was Horemheb?

A

The first king outside of the Amarna period and an ex-general who had served under Tutankhamen and Ay.

35
Q

Who was Horemheb’s successor?

A

Ramesses I, another military general.

36
Q

How was Horemheb often depicted?

A

As a scribe.

37
Q

What new portrayals of kingship appear in the New Kingdom’s art?

A

female pharaohs as men (Hatshepsut) and bodily deformities (Amarna)

38
Q

What new ideas of kingship appear in the New Kingdom?

A

Th Pharaoh is an active warrior.

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