Lecture 4: Old Kingdom + 1st I.P

Question 1

Date the late pre-dynastic period.

Answer 1

c. 3000 BC

Question 2

What occurred during the late predynastic period?

Answer 2

The Emergence of political power bases.
Development of a social hierarchy.
Development of art forms.
Emergence of early writing.
Small-scale stone work.
Contact with Mesopotamia.

Question 3

What kind of burials occurred in the predynastic period?

Answer 3

Desert edge pit burials.

Question 4

What was placed with bodies in Desert edge pit burials?

Answer 4

Pottery vessels.

Question 5

In burials, what does pottery often show?

Answer 5

Family status and occupation.

Question 6

When did mummification begin?

Answer 6

The Old Kingdom among the wealthy.

Question 7

What votive objects appeared in the early dynastic period?

Answer 7

Stone Palettes.

Question 8

What were stone palettes made of?

Answer 8

Greywacke from the Eastern Desert.

Question 9

Where were stone palettes found?

Answer 9

burials.

Question 10

Name one very famous stone palette?

Answer 10

The Narmer palette.

Question 11

Date the Narmer Palette.

Answer 11

Pre-dynastic period or the 1st dynasty.

Question 12

What does the Narmer palette show?

Answer 12

The unification of upper and lower Egypt and the first depiction of kings iconography.

Question 13

Date the early dynastic period and name 2 major sites.

Answer 13

c.3000-2700 BC

Saqqara and Abydos.

Question 14

Name one relic from the early-dynastic period.

Answer 14

The Palermo Stone.

Question 15

What does the Palermo stone show?

Answer 15

Royal Annals.

Question 16

Name 3 pyramids from the 3rd dynasty.

Answer 16

The Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara.

The Bent Pyramid and Meidum Pyramid of Sneferu at Dasher.

Question 17

What was the Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara?

Answer 17

The earliest tomb of Memphis + 1st building in stone.

Question 18

Who built the Step Pyramid of Djoser?

Answer 18

Imhotep.

Question 19

What order were the Giza pyramids built in?

Answer 19

Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure.

Question 20

What direction were the pyramids built in?

Answer 20

East, towards the rising Sun.

Question 21

What was found in Khufu’s pyramid and why?

Answer 21

A boat, for his journey across the sky with the sun god.

Question 22

What type of statues were found around the pyramids of Giza?

Answer 22

3D sculptures.

Question 23

Where did the pyramids arose in the 5th dynasty?

Answer 23

Absuir, they were small and poorly built.

Question 24

What and when was our earliest body of funerary text?

Answer 24

Unas, at the end of the 5th Dynasty

Question 25

What type of tombs arose in the 5th dynasty for kings?

Answer 25

Mastabas.

Question 26

What religious rites were used in Mastabas?

Answer 26

Statues, False doors and food offerings.

Question 27

Whose reign ended the Old Kingdom?

Answer 27

Pepe II

Question 28

Date the 1st Intermediate period.

Answer 28

c. 2150-2000 BC

Question 29

What occurred during the 1st Intermediate period?

Answer 29

fragmentation of the country and unification.
Temp. end of pyramid/mastaba tradition.
Maintenance of funerary essentials.
Provincial art style.
Coffin texts.

Question 30

What replaces wall reliefs in the 1st Intermediate period?

Answer 30

Wooden Models.

Question 31

What decorates plain brick tombs of the 1st Intermediate period?

Answer 31

Decorated stone slabs.

Question 32

Name one tomb for the 1st Intermediate period.

Answer 32

The Tomb of Ankhtifi at Moalla.