Lecture 4: Old Kingdom + 1st I.P Flashcards
Date the late pre-dynastic period.
c. 3000 BC
What occurred during the late predynastic period?
The Emergence of political power bases. Development of a social hierarchy. Development of art forms. Emergence of early writing. Small-scale stone work. Contact with Mesopotamia.
What kind of burials occurred in the predynastic period?
Desert edge pit burials.
What was placed with bodies in Desert edge pit burials?
Pottery vessels.
In burials, what does pottery often show?
Family status and occupation.
When did mummification begin?
The Old Kingdom among the wealthy.
What votive objects appeared in the early dynastic period?
Stone Palettes.
What were stone palettes made of?
Greywacke from the Eastern Desert.
Where were stone palettes found?
burials.
Name one very famous stone palette?
The Narmer palette.
Date the Narmer Palette.
Pre-dynastic period or the 1st dynasty.
What does the Narmer palette show?
The unification of upper and lower Egypt and the first depiction of kings iconography.
Date the early dynastic period and name 2 major sites.
c.3000-2700 BC
Saqqara and Abydos.
Name one relic from the early-dynastic period.
The Palermo Stone.
What does the Palermo stone show?
Royal Annals.
Name 3 pyramids from the 3rd dynasty.
The Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara.
The Bent Pyramid and Meidum Pyramid of Sneferu at Dasher.
What was the Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara?
The earliest tomb of Memphis + 1st building in stone.
Who built the Step Pyramid of Djoser?
Imhotep.
What order were the Giza pyramids built in?
Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure.
What direction were the pyramids built in?
East, towards the rising Sun.
What was found in Khufu’s pyramid and why?
A boat, for his journey across the sky with the sun god.
What type of statues were found around the pyramids of Giza?
3D sculptures.
Where did the pyramids arose in the 5th dynasty?
Absuir, they were small and poorly built.
What and when was our earliest body of funerary text?
Unas, at the end of the 5th Dynasty
What type of tombs arose in the 5th dynasty for kings?
Mastabas.
What religious rites were used in Mastabas?
Statues, False doors and food offerings.
Whose reign ended the Old Kingdom?
Pepe II
Date the 1st Intermediate period.
c. 2150-2000 BC
What occurred during the 1st Intermediate period?
fragmentation of the country and unification. Temp. end of pyramid/mastaba tradition. Maintenance of funerary essentials. Provincial art style. Coffin texts.
What replaces wall reliefs in the 1st Intermediate period?
Wooden Models.
What decorates plain brick tombs of the 1st Intermediate period?
Decorated stone slabs.
Name one tomb for the 1st Intermediate period.
The Tomb of Ankhtifi at Moalla.
