Lecture 6: Central Control of Movement Flashcards
What is the function of the motor cortex?
Control movements of muscles
What is somatotropic distribution?
The distribution of the different areas of the body across the M1
The ________ tract controls peripheral muscles for fine movements. Axons from the M1 and the ___ nucleus go to the ______ nerves directly and the spinal cord, crossing over at bulges in the _________ called _______.
lateral; red; cranial; medulla; pyramid
The ________ tract controls peripheral muscles for fine movements. Axons from the M1 and the ___ nucleus go to the ______ nerves directly and the spinal cord, crossing over at bulges in the _________ called _______.
The ____________ tract controls core muscles for ______ and _______ movements (e.g. balance). Axons do not only come from the ___ and go to _____ sides of the spinal cord.
ventromedial; postural; bilateral; M1; both
The ____________ tract controls core muscles for ______ and _______ movements (e.g. balance). Axons do not only come from the ___ and go to _____ sides of the spinal cord.
How is the posterior parietal cortex involved in movement?
First area active in planning movement.
Receives information about location of items in space.
How is the prefrontal cortex involved in movement?
Stores sensory information, and creates action plan.
What would the result of damage to the PFC be?
Illogical movements. Struggle with inhibitory movements (e.g. not grabbing hot cup of falling tea)
How is the premotor cortex involved in movement?
Learning and completing complex movements. Receives arbitrary and non-arbitrary information
What would the result of damage to the PMC be?
Arbitrary movements inhibited (e.g. clap when I tell you)
How is the supplementary motor cortex involved in movement?
Sequences of movements. Different parts of SMC active throughout different parts of sequence. Important for inhibiting habitual motions.
How long before a movement is the PPC activated?
7-10 seconds
What is the purpose of the basal ganglia in controlling movement?
Regulates vigour of movements through excitatory (direct) and inhibitory (indirect) feedback connection with areas of cortex.
What is the basal ganglia particularly important for?
Self-initiated movements.
What is the link between autism and the basal ganglia?
Basal ganglia structure altered for those with autism.
Motor control abnormalities may be early identification tools (e.g. change of gait, head lag)
What is the cerebellum important for in controlling movement?
Rapid and repetitive movements (e.g. bouncing basketball). Continuous movements unaffected. Affected by alcohol.
