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828 Dosage > Lecture 6+7: Tablets > Flashcards

Lecture 6+7: Tablets Flashcards

1
Q

immediate-release tablets

A

-release meds with no rate-control

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2
Q

extended release tablets

A

-release meds over extended period

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3
Q

rapidly disintegrating or dissolving tablets

A

-disintegrate in mouth within 1 min, some within 10 secs

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4
Q

Tablet manufacturing processes

A

-wet granulation
-dry granulation
-direct compression

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5
Q

direct compression

A

-tablet manufacturing process
-less steps
-no granulation
-GOOD flowability, content uniformity, and compressiblity

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6
Q

Tablet manufacturing processes:

A
  1. die filling
  2. tablet compression
  3. tablet ejection
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7
Q

Excipients for tablets

A

-diluents/fillers
-binders
-disintegrants
-glidants
-lubricants
-Mg stearate, talc, sodium stearyl fumarate

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8
Q

Diluents/fillers

A

-add bulk to formulation for size
-lactose, mannitol, starch

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9
Q

binders

A

-promote adhesion of particles
-allow granulation to be prepared and maintain integrity of the final tablet
-water, alcohol, starch paste, sucrose syrup, PVP, MCC

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10
Q

more binder in tablets leads to

A

-harder tablets
-slower disintegration time
-slower dissolution rate

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11
Q

disintegrants

A

-promote breakup of tablets after administration to smaller particles for ready drug availability
-starch, cellulose derivatives

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12
Q

Glidants

A

-enhance flow of material into the tablet dies
-collodial silicone dioxide, talc

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13
Q

Lubricants

A

-prevent fill material from sticking to punches and dies
-decrease adhesion, friction, and punch/die wear
-Mg stearate, talc, sodium stearyl fumarate

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14
Q

Negativve effects of over-lubrication with Mg stearate

A

-reduce tablet hardness or tensile strength
-slow dissolution due to hydrophobic nature of Mg stearate
-some drugs incompatible with Mg stearate

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15
Q

Tablet coating functions

A

-provide special traits of drug release (enteric coating)
-protect drug from environment
-mask taste
-improve swallowing
-identification

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16
Q

Types of tablet coatings

A

-sugar
-film
-compression

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17
Q

Sugar coating

A

-tablets with sugar layer
-water soluble
-dissolves quickly
-usually round and smooth
-like M&Ms (advil)
-enteric

18
Q

Cons of sugar coating

A

-multi steps: sealing, coating, smoothing, polishing
-time consuming
-need expertise
-increases tables size and weight up to 50%

19
Q

Film coating

A

-thin film of polymeric materials
-single stage
-better for controlled release
-breakable
-via spraying
-polymer in liquid eith pigments and plasticizers
-drying of liquid leaves film coating around tablet

20
Q

immdiate-release Film coating

A

-nonfunctional
-soluble in water

21
Q

modified release Film coating

A

-functional
-delayed release (enteric)(SOLUBLE only pH>5)
-extended release (NOT soluble in water)

22
Q

Film coating formation

A

-rapid solvent evaporation
-deposit and spreading of coating liquid droplets on tablets
=sticky residue
-coating polymers get more viscous as evaporation
-complete drying occurs slowly

23
Q

Film coating requirement

A

-liquid needs to be atomized into droplets
-tablets need good mixing and agitating (each tablet needs to pass thru spraying zone)
-hot air to evaporate solvent
-exhaust to remove dust and evaporated solvent

24
Q

Film coating formulations

A

-polymer
-plasticizer
-colorant
-solvent

25
Q

Polymer film coating formulation

A

-solubility determines selection for immediate/modified release
-low viscosity desired
-permeability masks taste, limits exposure to air, modifys release

26
Q

Polymer film coating mechanical properties

A

-film strength: resist mechanical stress
-film flexibility: minimize cracking
-film adhesion: ensure product integrity

27
Q

Polymer coatings for immediate release

A

-cellulose derivatives (HPMC)
-vinyl derivatives (PVP and PVA)

28
Q

Polymer film coatings for modified release

A

-cellulose derivatives: EC, CA

29
Q

Plasticizer film coating formulation

A

-reduce brittleness
-enhance flexibility of polymers
-PEG, esters

30
Q

Colorant film coating formulation

A

-water soluble (dyes) and INsoluble (pigments)
-insoluble better bc better stability, opacity, and covering power
-iron oxide (red)
-titanium dioxide (white)

31
Q

Solvent film coating formulation

A

-organic solvents better bc fast drying
-meant for modified release that needs to be protected from environment

32
Q

Film coated products

A

-uniformity
-NO visual or functional defects
-compliant with specifications

33
Q

Coating defects

A

-bad uniformity
-poor penetration
-not enough passes thru spray zone
-low mech strength
-bad adhesion
-surface too wet

-color inhomogeneity
-delamination/peeling

34
Q

Tablet Quality Control

A

-general appearance (size/shape/markings)
-drug content and release (weight, disintegration, dissolution, stability, hardness, friability)

35
Q

Crushing strength

A

-tablet hardness
-4-6kg

36
Q

friability

A

-tablet mass loss during drum rotating at 20 bpm for 100 roations
-max weight loss < 1%

37
Q

Extended-release tablets

A

-allows reduction in dosing frequency from that necessitated by conventional dosage form

38
Q

Pros of extended release

A

-less fluctuation in blood levels
-frequency reduction in dosing
-enhanced convenience and compliance
-reduction in adverse side effects

39
Q

Types of extended release dosage forms

A

-coated beads, granules, and microspheres
-matrix tablets
-osmotic pump tablets

40
Q

matrix tablets

A

-embed drug slowly in dissolving matrix with polymer HPMC as metrix material
-tablet core and gel layer

41
Q

osmotic pump tablet

A

-semipermeable membrane
-osmotic core with drug
-water
-delivery orifice

42
Q

Considerations of using modified-release

A

-do NOT crush or chew
-NOT interchangable with immediate release version
-some materials may not be dissolved = shows up in stool

828 Dosage (27 decks)

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